arXiv:2604.10183cs.DCcs.LG2026-04中稿 · The 32nd Annual In…

将信号处理算法转化为可训练的深度学习模块,提升无线感知的性能与可解释性。

RF-LEGO: Modularized Signal Processing-Deep Learning Co-Design for RF Sensing via Deep Unrolling

论文配图:RF-LEGO: Modularized Signal Processing-Deep Learning Co-Design for RF Sensing via Deep Unrolling
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过深度展开将传统信号处理流程转为可学习的模块化结构。
  • 在多种频段真实数据上表现优于现有信号处理与深度学习方法。
  • 适合需要可解释性和跨任务复用的无线感知系统研发者。

无线感知传统依赖信号处理技术,近年转向数据驱动的深度学习以实现性能突破。然而现有深度感知模型多为端到端且任务特定,缺乏可复用性与可解释性。我们提出RF-LEGO,一种模块化协同设计框架,通过深度展开将可解释的信号处理算法转化为可训练、物理基础的深度学习模块。通过将手工调参替换为可学习参数,同时保留核心处理结构与数学算子,确保模块化、级联性与结构对齐的可解释性。具体设计了三个深度展开模块,用于关键无线感知任务:频域变换、空间角度估计与信号检测。基于真实世界数据(涵盖Wi-Fi、毫米波、超宽带及6G感知)的大量实验表明,RF-LEGO显著优于现有信号处理与深度学习基线,无论独立使用或集成至多个下游任务均表现优异。该工作开创了一种基于深度展开的信号处理-深度学习协同设计范式,为高效且可解释的深度无线感知提供新思路。代码已公开于https://github.com/aiot-lab/RF-LEGO。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Wireless sensing, traditionally relying on signal processing (SP) techniques, has recently shifted toward data-driven deep learning (DL) to achieve performance breakthroughs. However, existing deep wireless sensing models are typically end-to-end and task-specific, lacking reusability and interpretability. We propose RF-LEGO, a modular co-design framework that transforms interpretable SP algorithms into trainable, physics-grounded DL modules through deep unrolling. By replacing hand-tuned parameters with learnable ones while preserving core processing structures and mathematical operators, RF-LEGO ensures modularity, cascadability, and structure-aligned interpretability. Specifically, we introduce three deep-unrolled modules for critical RF sensing tasks: frequency transform, spatial angle estimation, and signal detection. Extensive experiments using real-world data for Wi-Fi, millimeter-wave, UWB, and 6G sensing demonstrate that RF-LEGO significantly outperforms existing SP and DL baselines, both standalone and when integrated into multiple downstream tasks. RF-LEGO pioneers a novel SP-DL co-design paradigm for wireless sensing via deep unrolling, shedding light on efficient and interpretable deep wireless sensing solutions. Our code is available at https://github.com/aiot-lab/RF-LEGO.

无线感知深度展开信号处理可解释性

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