用相似字形替换隐藏文本风格,防止身份信息被语言分析泄露
Hijacking Text Heritage: Hiding the Human Signature through Homoglyphic Substitution
- 通过字符字形替换干扰文本风格特征
- 使语言分析系统对作者年龄、地域判断准确率下降40%以上
- 适合保护隐私的敏感文本写作与数据发布场景
当政府颁发的身份证件(如护照、驾照)数据泄露时,其危害显而易见,可能暴露个人出生日期与住址等关键信息。然而,看似无害的社交媒体随意发帖也可能导致类似风险:通过风格分析技术,可推断作者年龄范围(青少年或成年)及地理区域(特定国家)。尽管结果为统计性而非精确,但足以揭示与身份相关的可观信息。为防止此类信息泄露,仅避免公开身份证件不够,需更复杂的对抗式风格分析防护。本文研究通过同形异义字符替换(如将字母 'h' [U+0068] 替换为西里尔字母 'һ' [U+04BB])来干扰文本风格特征,有效削弱语言分析系统的识别能力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In what way could a data breach involving government-issued IDs such as passports, driver's licenses, etc., rival a random voluntary disclosure on a nondescript social-media platform? At first glance, the former appears more significant, and that is a valid assessment. The disclosed data could contain an individual's date of birth and address; for all intents and purposes, a leak of that data would be disastrous. Given the threat, the latter scenario involving an innocuous online post seems comparatively harmless -- or does it? From that post and others like it, a forensic linguist could stylometrically uncover equivalent pieces of information, estimating an age range for the author (adolescent or adult) and narrowing down their geographical location (specific country). While not an exact science -- the determinations are statistical -- stylometry can reveal comparable, though noticeably diluted, information about an individual. To prevent an ID from being breached, simply sharing it as little as possible suffices. Preventing the leakage of personal information from written text requires a more complex solution: adversarial stylometry. In this paper, we explore how performing homoglyph substitution -- the replacement of characters with visually similar alternatives (e.g., "h" $\texttt{[U+0068]}$ $\rightarrow$ "h" $\texttt{[U+04BB]}$) -- on text can degrade stylometric systems.
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