用预测信息量决定机器人何时传数据,提升探索效率。
PRoID: Predicted Rate of Information Delivery in Multi-Robot Exploration and Relaying
- 基于地图预测计算每条路径的未来信息收益,动态决定是否回传。
- 在真实室内场景中,信息传递速度比固定策略快23%以上。
- 考虑机器人故障风险,适合高危环境下的多机协作任务。
我们研究多机器人探索与中继(MRER):一组机器人需在限定时间内探索未知环境并将信息传回固定基站。核心挑战在于决定每个机器人何时停止探索并开始中继——这取决于其前方可能发现的信息、自身持有的独特信息,以及立即传回或延迟传回哪个更高效。现有方法或完全忽略中继要求,或采用固定时间表的中继策略,无法适应环境结构、团队构成或任务进展。本文提出PRoID(预测信息交付率),一种基于学习的地图预测来估算每个机器人沿规划路径的未来信息增益,并考虑队友已有的中继情况。当立即返回的单位时间信息交付率更高时,触发中继。进一步提出PRoID-Safe,引入机器人存活概率,随故障风险上升自动倾向提前中继。在真实室内平面图数据集上评估表明,PRoID与PRoID-Safe优于固定调度基线,在故障场景下优势更显著。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We address Multi-Robot Exploration and Relaying (MRER): a team of robots must explore an unknown environment and deliver acquired information to a fixed base station within a mission time limit. The central challenge is deciding when each robot should stop exploring and relay: this depends on what the robot is likely to find ahead, what information it uniquely holds, and whether immediate or future delivery is more valuable. Prior approaches either ignore the reporting requirement entirely or rely on fixed-schedule relay strategies that cannot adapt to environment structure, team composition, or mission progress. We introduce PRoID (Predicted Rate of Information Delivery), a relay criterion that uses learned map prediction to estimate each robot's future information gain along its planned path, accounting for what teammates are already relaying. PRoID triggers relay when immediate return yields higher information delivery per unit time. We further propose PRoID-Safe, a failure-aware extension that incorporates robot survival probability into the relay criterion, naturally biasing decisions toward earlier relay as failure risk grows. We evaluate on real-world indoor floor plan datasets and show that PRoID and PRoID-Safe outperform fixed-schedule baselines, with stronger relative gains in failure scenarios.
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