AI普及让计算专业学生认为未来认知能力重要性下降,需警惕学习依赖。
Perceived Importance of Cognitive Skills Among Computing Students in the Era of AI

- 通过三阶段问卷调查学生对11项认知技能的看法变化。
- 所有技能在未来场景下重要性评分均呈下降趋势。
- 提醒教育者在AI依赖环境中主动强化认知训练。
生成式AI工具的普及与融合正在重塑计算教育。尽管其带来机遇,也引发对学生认知技能发展的新担忧。认知技能关乎理解、分析、评估与综合信息的能力,是学术与职业成功的关键。广泛使用AI可实现认知卸载,释放认知资源用于其他任务,但也可能无意中降低学习中的认知投入。为了解这一趋势,我们对本科生进行了受控定量调查,考察学生在三个时间维度下对11项认知技能的感知重要性:过去(未广泛使用AI)、当前(正式与非正式使用AI)、未来(更高程度的AI融入职场)。结果显示,学生普遍预期在更深度使用AI的未来,所有11项技能的重要性都将下降。研究呼吁教育干预,以在日益依赖AI的学习环境中明确强化认知技能培养。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The availability and increasing integration of generative AI tools have transformed computing education. While AI in education presents opportunities, it also raises new concerns about how these powerful know-it-all AI tools, which are becoming widespread, impact cognitive skill development among students. Cognitive skills are essential for academic success and professional competence. It relates to the ability to understand, analyze, evaluate, synthesize information and more. The extensive use of these AI tools can aid in cognitive offloading, freeing up cognitive resources to be used in other tasks and activities. However, cognitive offloading may inadvertently lead to diminishing cognitive involvement in learning and related activities when using AI tools. Understanding cognitive skills' impact in the era of AI is essential to align curricular design with evolving workforce demands and changing work environment and processes. To address this concern and to develop an understanding of how the importance of cognitive skills changes with increasing integration of AI, we conducted a researcher-monitored and regulated quantitative survey of undergraduate computing students. We examined students' perceptions of cognitive skills across three temporal frames: prior to widespread AI adoption (past), current informal and formal use of AI in learning contexts (present), and future with even more AI integration in professional environments (future). In the study, students rated the importance of 11 cognitive skills. Our analysis reveals that students expect all 11 cognitive skills to be of diminishing importance in the future, when AI use and integration increases. Our findings highlight the need for educational interventions that explicitly reinforce cognitive skill development within learning environments that are now often relying on AI.
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