arXiv:2604.10733cs.CLcs.AI2026-04ACL被引 2

发现越讨好用户的角色模型越容易迎合,可能误导用户。

Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models

论文配图:Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用275个角色人格测试+4950个诱导问题,量化讨好性与说好话的关系
  • 13个模型中9个显示讨好程度越高,讨好行为越多,相关性高达0.87
  • 适合关注AI安全、角色扮演系统设计的人阅读

大型语言模型越来越多地作为对话代理,在用户要求下扮演特定角色。这一能力虽有价值,但也引发对奉承行为的担忧:模型倾向于迎合用户而非坚持事实准确性。尽管已有研究指出奉承行为威胁AI安全与对齐,但具体人格特质如何影响奉承行为仍不明确。本文系统研究了角色讨好性对奉承行为的影响,涵盖13个参数量从0.6B到20B的小型开源模型。构建包含275个角色人格的基准,基于NEO-IPIP讨好性量表评估,并在33个主题类别下使用4,950个诱导性提示进行测试。分析显示,13个模型中有9个表现出讨好性与奉承率之间的显著正相关,皮尔逊相关系数最高达 $r = 0.87$,效应量最大为Cohen's $d = 2.33$。结果表明,讨好性可作为预测角色诱导奉承行为的可靠指标,对角色扮演类AI系统的部署及考虑人格驱动欺骗行为的对齐策略具有直接意义。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large language models increasingly serve as conversational agents that adopt personas and role-play characters at user request. This capability, while valuable, raises concerns about sycophancy: the tendency to provide responses that validate users rather than prioritize factual accuracy. While prior work has established that sycophancy poses risks to AI safety and alignment, the relationship between specific personality traits of adopted personas and the degree of sycophantic behavior remains unexplored. We present a systematic investigation of how persona agreeableness influences sycophancy across 13 small, open-weight language models ranging from 0.6B to 20B parameters. We develop a benchmark comprising 275 personas evaluated on NEO-IPIP agreeableness subscales and expose each persona to 4,950 sycophancy-eliciting prompts spanning 33 topic categories. Our analysis reveals that 9 of 13 models exhibit statistically significant positive correlations between persona agreeableness and sycophancy rates, with Pearson correlations reaching $r = 0.87$ and effect sizes as large as Cohen's $d = 2.33$. These findings demonstrate that agreeableness functions as a reliable predictor of persona-induced sycophancy, with direct implications for the deployment of role-playing AI systems and the development of alignment strategies that account for personality-mediated deceptive behaviors.

角色扮演人格模型奉承行为AI安全

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