arXiv:2604.10870eess.IV2026-04

用半监督方法实现低数据量下前景分类,传输量减少95%仍保持高精度

Semi-Supervised Goal-Oriented Semantic Communication Framework for Foreground Classification

论文配图:Semi-Supervised Goal-Oriented Semantic Communication Framework for Foreground Classification
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过前景感知掩码自编码器聚焦重要对象,降低传输开销
  • 在仅少量标注数据下达成超90%分类准确率,压缩率高达95%
  • 适合资源受限无线场景,减少人工标注依赖,适合实际部署

无线目标导向语义通信(GSC)通过直接优化任务性能成为有前景的新范式。然而,现有GSC框架通常处理完整图像并依赖大量标注数据进行分类,限制了压缩效率且易过拟合。本文提出一种新型半监督无线GSC框架,用于未标注图像的前景分类任务。框架中设计了一种前景感知掩码自编码器(MAE),优先关注语义重要的前景物体以减少传输开销。为在数据量有限时实现精准重建与分类,进一步提出半监督自编码器(SSAE),通过三种互补信息源解码语义潜在张量并重构图像细节,随后微调预训练图像分类模型。从前景掩码到分类的全流程均采用半监督训练,显著减少人工标注需求。仿真结果表明,该框架在图像数据量减少95%的前提下仍可实现超过90%的分类准确率,展现出在资源受限无线场景中的强大应用潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Wireless goal-oriented semantic communication (GSC) has emerged as a promising paradigm by directly optimizing task performance. However, existing GSC frameworks typically operate on entire images and rely on labeled data for classification tasks, which can limit their compression efficiency and increase the risk of overfitting. This paper proposes a novel semi-supervised wireless GSC framework for the unlabeled image foreground classification task. In our proposed framework, a foreground-aware masked autoencoder (MAE) is developed to prioritize semantically important foreground objects, thereby reducing transmission overhead. To enable accurate reconstruction and classification under a limited data size, we further propose a semi-supervised autoencoder (SSAE) that decodes the semantic latent tensor and refines image details by leveraging three complementary information sources, followed by fine-tuning a pre-trained image classification model. The entire pipeline, from foreground masking to classification, is trained in a semi-supervised manner to significantly reduce the need for manual labeling. Simulation results validate that the proposed GSC framework achieves over 90% image classification accuracy while reducing the original image data size by 95%, and demonstrate its strong potential for practical tasks in resource-constrained wireless scenarios.

语义通信半监督学习前景分割无线传输

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