arXiv:2604.10892cs.ROcs.MA2026-04

让机器人集群在持续任务中高效协作,同时支持人类灵活干预。

HECTOR: Human-centric Hierarchical Coordination and Supervision of Robotic Fleets under Continual Temporal Tasks

论文配图:HECTOR: Human-centric Hierarchical Coordination and Supervision of Robotic Fleets under Continual Temporal Tasks
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 分三层架构:人机交互、任务分组分配、团队内动态协调
  • 支持任务增删、优先级调整等实时变更,提升系统灵活性
  • 适合需要人工监督的复杂场景,如搜救与巡检

机器人集群在协同执行配送、监视、搜救等任务时效率极高,但由操作员直接控制每台机器人既困难又不现实。因此,集群自主性与在线人机交互至关重要,尤其在动态且部分未知环境中。操作员可能需新增任务、取消任务、调整优先级或修改规划结果,但现有研究对此类交互流程和算法设计关注不足。本文提出面向持续不确定时间任务的以人为本集群协同与监督方案(HECTOR),包含三个层级:(I)双向多模态的人机在线交互协议,操作员可整体监管集群;(II)在一定时间范围内对已知任务进行滚动分配至各小组;(III)执行过程中根据检测到的子任务实现小组内动态协调。整个任务可表述为关于协作行为的时序逻辑公式。该分层结构支持不同粒度与触发条件的人机交互,兼顾计算效率与人力负担。在异构集群和多种时序任务及环境不确定性下进行了大量人机共演仿真。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robotic fleets can be extremely efficient when working concurrently and collaboratively, e.g., for delivery, surveillance, search and rescue. However, it can be demanding or even impractical for an operator to directly control each robot. Thus, autonomy of the fleet and its online interaction with the operator are both essential, particularly in dynamic and partially unknown environments. The operator might need to add new tasks, cancel some tasks, change priorities and modify planning results. How to design the procedure for these interactions and efficient algorithms to fulfill these needs have been mostly neglected in the related literature. Thus, this work proposes a human-centric coordination and supervision scheme (HECTOR) for large-scale robotic fleets under continual and uncertain temporal tasks. It consists of three hierarchical layers: (I) the bidirectional and multimodal protocol of online human-fleet interaction, where the operator interacts with and supervises the whole fleet; (II) the rolling assignment of currently-known tasks to teams within a certain horizon, and (III) the dynamic coordination within a team given the detected subtasks during online execution. The overall mission can be as general as temporal logic formulas over collaborative actions. Such hierarchical structure allows human interaction and supervision at different granularities and triggering conditions, to both improve computational efficiency and reduce human effort. Extensive human-in-the-loop simulations are performed over heterogeneous fleets under various temporal tasks and environmental uncertainties.

机器人集群人机交互任务调度时序逻辑

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