用文字或图片生成可编辑的可动零件装配模型,无需训练。
ArtiCAD: Articulated CAD Assembly Design via Multi-Agent Code Generation
- 四类智能体分工协作,先预测连接关系再生成几何结构。
- 通过显式连接器定义关节参数,避免大模型空间推理不足。
- 支持设计纠错与知识积累,适合产品概念设计与机器人训练数据生成。
参数化计算机辅助设计(CAD)中的可动组件建模对产品开发至关重要,但如何从高层描述生成多部件、可移动模型仍属空白。为此,我们提出ArtiCAD,首个无需训练的多智能体系统,可直接根据文本或图像生成可编辑的可动CAD装配体。系统将任务分解为四个专业智能体:设计、生成、装配与评审。关键创新在于在设计阶段即预测装配关系,而非后期组装阶段。通过显式连接器定义装配点与关节参数,系统在几何生成前确定关系,有效规避当前大语言模型与视觉语言模型的空间推理局限。为保障输出质量,生成与装配阶段引入验证步骤,并配备跨阶段回滚机制,精准定位并修正设计与代码错误。此外,自演化经验库持续积累设计知识,提升未来任务性能。在三个数据集(ArtiCAD-Bench、CADPrompt和ACD)上的广泛评估验证了方法有效性。进一步实证表明,ArtiCAD可用于需求驱动的概念设计、物理原型制作及URDF格式的具身人工智能训练数据生成。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Parametric Computer-Aided Design (CAD) of articulated assemblies is essential for product development, yet generating these multi-part, movable models from high-level descriptions remains unexplored. To address this, we propose ArtiCAD, the first training-free multi-agent system capable of generating editable, articulated CAD assemblies directly from text or images. Our system divides this complex task among four specialized agents: Design, Generation, Assembly, and Review. One of our key insights is to predict assembly relationships during the initial design stage rather than the assembly stage. By utilizing a Connector that explicitly defines attachment points and joint parameters, ArtiCAD determines these relationships before geometry generation, effectively bypassing the limited spatial reasoning capabilities of current LLMs and VLMs. To further ensure high-quality outputs, we introduce validation steps in the generation and assembly stages, accompanied by a cross-stage rollback mechanism that accurately isolates and corrects design- and code-level errors. Additionally, a self-evolving experience store accumulates design knowledge to continuously improve performance on future tasks. Extensive evaluations on three datasets (ArtiCAD-Bench, CADPrompt, and ACD) validate the effectiveness of our approach. We further demonstrate the applicability of ArtiCAD in requirement-driven conceptual design, physical prototyping, and the generation of embodied AI training assets through URDF export.
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