arXiv:2604.11028cs.ROcs.AI2026-04被引 2

让机器人以单体智能协作,避免内部多智能体分裂。

Federated Single-Agent Robotics: Multi-Robot Coordination Without Intra-Robot Multi-Agent Fragmentation

  • 每台机器人保持单一运行实体,通过联邦机制协同
  • 治理局部性提升2.91倍,故障恢复隔离度达4.88倍
  • 适合大规模机器人集群的稳定协作场景

随着具身机器人向规模化部署发展,多机器人协同成为核心系统挑战。现有方法通常主张在每台机器人内部增加多智能体分解以支持协同。我们提出不同原则:多机器人协同无需机器人内部的多智能体碎片化。每个机器人应作为具有持久运行时、本地策略范围、能力状态和恢复权限的单一具身代理,协同通过舰队层面的联邦实现。我们提出联邦单智能体机器人(FSAR)架构,基于单智能体机器人运行时构建。每台机器人暴露受控的能力表而非内部碎片化的智能体社会。舰队协同通过共享能力注册表、跨机器人任务委派、策略感知权限分配、信任作用域交互和分层恢复协议实现。我们形式化了关键协同关系,包括权限委派、跨机器人能力请求、本地与舰队恢复边界及层级人类监管,并描述支持共享具身能力模块(ECM)发现、合同感知跨机器人协同和舰队级治理的舰队运行时架构。在典型多机器人协同场景中对FSAR进行评估,结果表明其在治理局部性(d=2.91, p<.001 vs. 中心化控制)和恢复隔离性(d=4.88, p<.001 vs. 分解密集型基线)上均有统计显著提升,且在所有场景中均减少权限冲突与策略违规。结果支持观点:从具身代理到具身舰队的演进路径,应更依赖协调一致的机器人运行时联邦,而非内部碎片化。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

As embodied robots move toward fleet-scale operation, multi-robot coordination is becoming a central systems challenge. Existing approaches often treat this as motivation for increasing internal multi-agent decomposition within each robot. We argue for a different principle: multi-robot coordination does not require intra-robot multi-agent fragmentation. Each robot should remain a single embodied agent with its own persistent runtime, local policy scope, capability state, and recovery authority, while coordination emerges through federation across robots at the fleet level. We present Federated Single-Agent Robotics (FSAR), a runtime architecture for multi-robot coordination built on single-agent robot runtimes. Each robot exposes a governed capability surface rather than an internally fragmented agent society. Fleet coordination is achieved through shared capability registries, cross-robot task delegation, policy-aware authority assignment, trust-scoped interaction, and layered recovery protocols. We formalize key coordination relations including authority delegation, inter-robot capability requests, local-versus-fleet recovery boundaries, and hierarchical human supervision, and describe a fleet runtime architecture supporting shared Embodied Capability Module (ECM) discovery, contract-aware cross-robot coordination, and fleet-level governance. We evaluate FSAR on representative multi-robot coordination scenarios against decomposition-heavy baselines. Results show statistically significant gains in governance locality (d=2.91, p<.001 vs. centralized control) and recovery containment (d=4.88, p<.001 vs. decomposition-heavy), while reducing authority conflicts and policy violations across all scenarios. Our results support the view that the path from embodied agents to embodied fleets is better served by federation across coherent robot runtimes than by fragmentation within them.

多机器人联邦学习协同控制

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