提出医械协作新范式,让机器人与医生智能共治手术决策。
Dyadic Partnership(DP): A Missing Link Towards Full Autonomy in Medical Robotics

- 构建医机双人协同系统,通过生成式AI实现动态交互
- 强调临床智能基础模型与可解释交互机制的必要性
- 适合关注医疗机器人自主演进的临床与工程研究者
过去几十年,医疗机器人主要基于遥操作设计,虽在操作精度、防抖、成像等方面表现优异,但其智能有限,决策仍由外科医生完成。随着医疗机器人向高级自主迈进,科学界亟需探索实现部分乃至完全自主的路径。本文提出‘二元协作’(Dyadic Partnership, DP)新范式,使机器人与临床专家在动态互动中通过生成式AI(如世界模型)和多模态可视化进行智能协作,共同讨论并达成决策。该系统依赖于临床智能基础模型、多模态意图识别、协同学习框架、先进可视化及可解释、可信交互机制。文章还指出数据稀缺、标准缺失与伦理接受度等关键挑战。二元协作被定位为通往更安全、更直观协作与逐步实现全面自主的重要且可行里程碑,适用于多种临床场景。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
For the past decades medical robotic solutions were mostly based on the concept of tele-manipulation. While their design was extremely intelligent, allowing for better access, improved dexterity, reduced tremor, and improved imaging, their intelligence was limited. They therefore left cognition and decision making to the surgeon. As medical robotics advances towards high-level autonomy, the scientific community needs to explore the required pathway towards partial and full autonomy. Here, we introduce the concept of Dyadic Partnership(DP), a new paradigm in which robots and clinicians engage in intelligent, expert interaction and collaboration. The Dyadic Partners would discuss and agree on decisions and actions during their dynamic and interactive collaboration relying also on intuitive advanced media using generative AI, such as a world model, and advanced multi-modal visualization. This article outlines the foundational components needed to enable such systems, including foundation models for clinical intelligence, multi-modal intent recognition, co-learning frameworks, advanced visualization, and explainable, trust-aware interaction. We further discuss key challenges such as data scarcity, lack of standardization, and ethical acceptance. Dyadic partnership is introduced and is positioned as a powerful yet achievable, acceptable milestone offering a promising pathway toward safer, more intuitive collaboration and a gradual transition to full autonomy across diverse clinical settings.
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