用五城20万居民数据揭示了真实社会混杂模式，发现出行地比身份背景更影响社交接触。
Latent patterns of urban mixing in mobility analysis across five global cities
- 结合问卷与轨迹数据，构建城市级时空场所网络分析社会混杂。
- 66岁以上人群社交混杂度高于55-65岁群体，支持‘第二青春’假说。
- 出行空间结构决定社交暴露程度，收入差异导致混杂体验不同。
本研究基于波士顿、芝加哥、香港、伦敦和圣保罗五座全球城市的超20万居民大规模出行调查数据，系统比较社会混杂模式。仅依赖高分辨率移动数据无法识别真实混杂特征。利用相同数据集，通过居住区推断社会经济地位使社会混杂水平低估16%，低于自报数据。66岁以上人群社交混杂程度高于55至65岁群体，为“第二青春”假说提供数据支持。青少年及有照护责任的女性社交混杂程度较低。在五座城市中，靠近主要交通站点可减弱个体社会经济地位对社会混杂的影响。我们采用图神经网络构建各城市详细的时空场所网络，将居住地、活动空间与人口属性嵌入，输入监督自编码器以预测个体暴露向量。结果表明，个体活动空间结构（即实际出行目的地）解释了大部分场所暴露差异，说明移动行为对感知社交混杂的影响大于社会人口特征、居住环境与交通可达性。消融实验进一步发现，尽管不同收入群体可能经历相似混杂水平，其活动空间仍按收入分层，导致社会混杂体验具有结构性差异。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This study leverages large-scale travel surveys for over 200,000 residents across Boston, Chicago, Hong Kong, London, and Sao Paulo. With rich individual-level data, we make systematic comparisons and reveal patterns in social mixing, which cannot be identified by analyzing high-resolution mobility data alone. Using the same set of data, inferring socioeconomic status from residential neighborhoods yield social mixing levels 16% lower than using self-reported survey data. Besides, individuals over the age of 66 experience greater social mixing than those in late working life (aged 55 to 65), lending data-driven support to the "second youth" hypothesis. Teenagers and women with caregiving responsibilities exhibit lower social mixing levels. Across the five cities, proximity to major transit stations reduces the influence of individual socioeconomic status on social mixing. Finally, we construct detailed spatio-temporal place networks for each city using a graph neural network. Inputs of home-space, activity-space and demographic attributes are embedded and fed into a supervised autoencoder to predict individual exposure vectors. Results show that the structure of individual activity space, i.e., where people travel to, explains most of the variations in place exposure, suggesting that mobility shapes experienced social mixing more than sociodemographic characteristics, home environment, and transit proximity. The ablation tests further discover that, while different income groups may experience similar levels of social mixing, their activity spaces remain stratified by income, resulting in structurally different social mixing experiences.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品；中文卡片由大模型生成，请以原文为准。