AI代理能生成创意输出，但缺乏深层创造本质。
On the Creativity of AI Agents
- 从输出表现看，AI代理具备一定创造力。
- 但其创造过程缺少内在动机与社会意义。
- 适合研究AI伦理与人类协作的读者。
大型语言模型（LLMs）在集成到智能体系统后，已在多个领域展现出接近甚至超越人类的表现。然而，这些系统是否真正具备创造力仍存争议，因评判标准、评估方法和应用场景差异而异。本文从两个互补的宏观视角分析创造力：功能主义视角关注创造性输出的可观测特征；本体论视角强调创造背后的内在机制，以及涉及的社会与个人维度。研究聚焦于LLM代理，认为其表现出功能性创造力，但未达最高层次；同时仍缺乏本体论意义上的创造力核心要素。最后，讨论智能体兼具两种创造力的利弊，评估潜在收益与风险，并提出可增强人类社会的人工创造力发展路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large language models (LLMs), particularly when integrated into agentic systems, have demonstrated human- and even superhuman-level performance across multiple domains. Whether these systems can truly be considered creative, however, remains a matter of debate, as conclusions heavily depend on the definitions, evaluation methods, and specific use cases employed. In this paper, we analyse creativity along two complementary macro-level perspectives. The first is a functionalist perspective, focusing on the observable characteristics of creative outputs. The second is an ontological perspective, emphasising the underlying processes, as well as the social and personal dimensions involved in creativity. We focus on LLM agents and we argue that they exhibit functionalist creativity, albeit not at its most sophisticated levels, while they continue to lack key aspects of ontological creativity. Finally, we discuss whether it is desirable for agentic systems to attain both forms of creativity, evaluating potential benefits and risks, and proposing pathways toward artificial creativity that can enhance human society.
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