arXiv:2604.13453cs.LG2026-04中稿 · ICME 2026被引 4

融合注意力与状态空间模型,高效精准预测城市交通流量变化。

FAST: A Synergistic Framework of Attention and State-space Models for Spatiotemporal Traffic Prediction

论文配图:FAST: A Synergistic Framework of Attention and State-space Models for Spatiotemporal Traffic Prediction
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用时序-空间-时序结构,分步建模交通时间与空间依赖。
  • 在三个数据集上比最强基线降低2.8%的MAE、4.3%的RMSE。
  • 适合需要高精度且计算高效的交通预测场景使用。

交通预测需建模大型传感器网络中的复杂时序动态与长程空间依赖。现有方法在表达能力与效率间存在权衡:基于Transformer的模型虽能捕捉全局依赖,但复杂度为二次方;而近期的状态空间模型虽高效,却难以有效建模图结构交通数据的空间交互。本文提出FAST,一种统一框架,结合注意力与状态空间建模,实现可扩展的时空交通预测。FAST采用时序-空间-时序架构,其中时序注意力模块捕捉短中长期模式,基于Mamba的空间模块以线性复杂度建模跨传感器长程依赖。为更好表示异构交通上下文,引入可学习的多源时空嵌入,融合历史流量、时间上下文与节点信息,并设计多层级跳跃预测机制实现分层特征融合。在PeMS04、PeMS07和PeMS08上的实验表明,FAST持续优于各类强基线(来自Transformer、GNN、注意力及Mamba家族)。尤其在三个基准上均取得最优的MAE与RMSE,相较最强基线最高降低4.3%的RMSE与2.8%的MAE,展现出准确率、可扩展性与泛化能力的优越平衡。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Traffic forecasting requires modeling complex temporal dynamics and long-range spatial dependencies over large sensor networks. Existing methods typically face a trade-off between expressiveness and efficiency: Transformer-based models capture global dependencies well but suffer from quadratic complexity, while recent selective state-space models are computationally efficient yet less effective at modeling spatial interactions in graph-structured traffic data. We propose FAST, a unified framework that combines attention and state-space modeling for scalable spatiotemporal traffic forecasting. FAST adopts a Temporal-Spatial-Temporal architecture, where temporal attention modules capture both short- and long-term temporal patterns, and a Mamba-based spatial module models long-range inter-sensor dependencies with linear complexity. To better represent heterogeneous traffic contexts, FAST further introduces a learnable multi-source spatiotemporal embedding that integrates historical traffic flow, temporal context, and node-level information, together with a multi-level skip prediction mechanism for hierarchical feature fusion. Experiments on PeMS04, PeMS07, and PeMS08 show that FAST consistently outperforms strong baselines from Transformer-, GNN-, attention-, and Mamba-based families. In particular, FAST achieves the best MAE and RMSE on all three benchmarks, with up to 4.3\% lower RMSE and 2.8\% lower MAE than the strongest baseline, demonstrating a favorable balance between accuracy, scalability, and generalization.

交通预测状态空间模型时空建模Mamba

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