arXiv:2604.13662cond-mat.mes-hallcs.CV2026-04被引 1

用神经网络自动定位量子点电荷稳定图,实现硅基量子比特快速调参。

Automatic Charge State Tuning of 300 mm FDSOI Quantum Dots Using Neural Network Segmentation of Charge Stability Diagram

  • 基于深度学习的语义分割算法,从完整电荷稳定图中识别电荷转移线。
  • 离线调参成功率80.0%,部分设计达88%以上,显著提升调参效率。
  • 适合需要高通量、自动化调参的硅基量子点实验团队使用。

栅极定义的半导体量子点(QDs)的调参是扩展自旋量子比特技术的主要瓶颈。本文提出一种基于深度学习的语义分割流程,通过定位完整的电荷稳定图(CSDs)中的转移线,自动返回单电荷区的栅压目标。我们构建并人工标注了一个包含1015个实验测量的CSDs的大规模异构数据集,涵盖九种器件结构、多个晶圆及制造批次。采用带MobileNetV2编码器的U-Net型卷积神经网络,并通过五折组交叉验证进行训练与验证。模型在定位单电荷区方面实现了80.0%的离线调参成功率,部分设计峰值超过88%。我们分析了主要失败模式并提出针对性改进方案。此外,大范围图谱分割自然支持可扩展的物理解析特征提取,可反馈至制造与设计流程,并为低温晶圆探针台的实时集成提供路线图。总体表明,基于神经网络的全图分割是实现硅量子点量子比特自动化、高通量电荷调参的可行路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Tuning of gate-defined semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) is a major bottleneck for scaling spin qubit technologies. We present a deep learning (DL) driven, semantic-segmentation pipeline that performs charge auto-tuning by locating transition lines in full charge stability diagrams (CSDs) and returns gate voltage targets for the single charge regime. We assemble and manually annotate a large, heterogeneous dataset of 1015 experimental CSDs measured from silicon QD devices, spanning nine design geometries, multiple wafers, and fabrication runs. A U-Net style convolutional neural network (CNN) with a MobileNetV2 encoder is trained and validated through five-fold group cross validation. Our model achieves an overall offline tuning success of 80.0% in locating the single-charge regime, with peak performance exceeding 88% for some designs. We analyze dominant failure modes and propose targeted mitigations. Finally, wide-range diagram segmentation also naturally enables scalable physic-based feature extraction that can feed back to fabrication and design workflows and outline a roadmap for real-time integration in a cryogenic wafer prober. Overall, our results show that neural network (NN) based wide-diagram segmentation is a practical step toward automated, high-throughput charge tuning for silicon QD qubits.

量子点神经网络自动化调参硅基量子比特

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