arXiv:2604.14216cs.MMcs.AI2026-04被引 1

用动态脑影像轨迹预测癫痫手术预后,让模型像医生一样解释推理过程。

Neuro-Oracle: A Trajectory-Aware Agentic RAG Framework for Interpretable Epilepsy Surgical Prognosis

  • 通过对比编码器提取术前术后脑结构变化轨迹,生成512维向量
  • 基于历史病例轨迹检索,实现精准匹配,AUC达0.905
  • 生成可解释的自然语言结论,零幻觉,适合临床辅助决策

难治性癫痫术后发作结局预测是临床挑战。传统深度学习方法仅使用单次术前扫描,忽略长期形态变化。我们提出神经-预言者(Neuro-Oracle),三阶段框架:(i) 使用3D孪生对比编码器将术前至术后MRI变化压缩为512维轨迹向量;(ii) 通过最近邻搜索从人群档案中检索相似手术轨迹;(iii) 利用量化版Llama-3-8B推理代理,基于检索证据生成自然语言预后报告。在公开的EPISURG数据集(268例纵向配对病例)上进行五折分层交叉验证。因无真实发作自由标签,采用切除类型作为临床代理标签。需注意,网络表示可能学习了切除腔解剖特征(如颞叶/非颞叶位置),而非真正预后形态学。当前评估主要验证轨迹感知检索架构的有效性。基于轨迹的分类器AUC为0.834~0.905,优于单时间点ResNet-50基线(0.793)。神经-预言者代理(M5)达到0.867 AUC,且生成结构化理由,审计中未发现幻觉。孪生多样性集成(M6)在无语言模型开销下实现0.905 AUC。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Predicting post-surgical seizure outcomes in pharmacoresistant epilepsy is a clinical challenge. Conventional deep-learning approaches operate on static, single-timepoint pre-operative scans, omitting longitudinal morphological changes. We propose \emph{Neuro-Oracle}, a three-stage framework that: (i) distils pre-to-post-operative MRI changes into a compact 512-dimensional trajectory vector using a 3D Siamese contrastive encoder; (ii) retrieves historically similar surgical trajectories from a population archive via nearest-neighbour search; and (iii) synthesises a natural-language prognosis grounded in the retrieved evidence using a quantized Llama-3-8B reasoning agent. Evaluations are conducted on the public EPISURG dataset ($N{=}268$ longitudinally paired cases) using five-fold stratified cross-validation. Since ground-truth seizure-freedom scores are unavailable, we utilize a clinical proxy label based on the resection type. We acknowledge that the network representations may potentially learn the anatomical features of the resection cavities (i.e., temporal versus non-temporal locations) rather than true prognostic morphometry. Our current evaluation thus serves mainly as a proof-of-concept for the trajectory-aware retrieval architecture. Trajectory-based classifiers achieve AUC values between 0.834 and 0.905, compared with 0.793 for a single-timepoint ResNet-50 baseline. The Neuro-Oracle agent (M5) matches the AUC of purely discriminative trajectory classifiers (0.867) while producing structured justifications with zero observed hallucinations under our audit protocol. A Siamese Diversity Ensemble (M6) of trajectory-space classifiers attains an AUC of 0.905 without language-model overhead.

癫痫预测轨迹建模可解释AIRAG

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