用物理约束提升流体仿真代理模型的泛化能力,加速工程设计迭代。
Non-intrusive Learning of Physics-Informed Spatio-temporal Surrogate for Accelerating Design

- 基于柯尔莫哥洛夫自编码器学习系统动态,非侵入式建模。
- 在圆柱绕流问题上实现与真实仿真相当精度,推理速度提升百倍。
- 适合需要快速高保真模拟的工业设计场景,如航空航天优化。
大多数工程设计问题涉及非线性时空动力系统。多物理场仿真常用于捕捉控制这些系统演化的精细时空尺度,但此类仿真通常高保真且计算成本高昂,导致数据生成成为端到端设计流程的瓶颈。时空代理建模作为数据驱动方案被广泛采用,因其机器学习模型可比实际仿真快数个数量级。然而纯数据驱动方法在训练分布外输入上泛化能力差。本文提出一种受物理约束的时空代理建模框架(PISTM),利用柯尔莫哥洛夫自编码器技术非侵入式学习系统内在动态,并构建时空代理模型,在指定时间窗口内预测未知工况下柯尔莫哥洛夫算子的行为。我们在典型关注的二维不可压缩圆柱绕流问题上评估该框架。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Most practical engineering design problems involve nonlinear spatio-temporal dynamical systems. Multi-physics simulations are often performed to capture the fine spatio-temporal scales which govern the evolution of these systems. However, these simulations are often high-fidelity in nature, and can be computationally very expensive. Hence, generating data from these expensive simulations becomes a bottleneck in an end-to-end engineering design process. Spatio-temporal surrogate modeling of these dynamical systems has been a popular data-driven solution to tackle this computational bottleneck. This is because accurate machine learning models emulating the dynamical systems can be orders of magnitude faster than the actual simulations. However, one key limitation of purely data-driven approaches is their lack of generalizability to inputs outside the training distribution. In this paper, we propose a physics-informed spatio-temporal surrogate modeling (PISTM) framework constrained by the physics of the underlying dynamical system. The framework leverages state-of-the-art advancements in the field of Koopman autoencoders to learn the underlying spatio-temporal dynamics in a non-intrusive manner, coupled with a spatio-temporal surrogate model which predicts the behavior of the Koopman operator in a specified time window for unknown operating conditions. We evaluate our framework on a prototypical fluid flow problem of interest: two-dimensional incompressible flow around a cylinder.
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