arXiv:2604.14788cs.AI2026-04

用AI自动设计核磁脉冲序列,无需依赖人类经验。

Sequence Search: Automated Sequence Design using Neural Architecture Search

论文配图:Sequence Search: Automated Sequence Design using Neural Architecture Search
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于神经架构搜索生成新序列,输入组织特性与成像目标即可。
  • 成功复现经典自旋回波等序列,并发现低射频能量的新结构。
  • 适合医学影像研发者探索超越传统设计的创新脉冲方案。

MR序列设计困难,长期依赖人工直觉。现有AI方法多需初始序列或大量训练数据,通用性受限。本文提出“Sequence Search”框架,基于神经架构搜索实现自动化序列设计。该方法以组织特性、成像参数和设计目标为输入,无需预设传统序列结构即可生成满足目标的脉冲序列。通过神经架构搜索迭代生成候选序列,并利用可微分布洛赫模拟器和特定目标损失函数,采用梯度学习进行优化。框架成功复现了常规自旋回波、T2加权自旋回波及反转恢复序列;还发现了非直观解,如三射频自旋回波类序列,其射频能量更低,且重聚焦相位偏离传统哈恩回波结构。本工作建立了一个可泛化的自动MR序列设计框架,展示了突破人类直觉限制、探索新型序列配置的巨大潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Developing an MR sequence is challenging and remains largely constrained by human intuition. Recently, AI-driven approaches have been proposed; however, most require an initial sequence for parameter optimization or extensive training datasets, limiting their general applicability. In this study, we propose "Sequence Search," an automated sequence design framework based on neural architecture search. The method takes tissue properties, imaging parameters, and design objectives as inputs and generates pulse sequences satisfying the design objectives, without requiring prior knowledge of conventional sequence structures. Sequence Search iteratively generates candidate sequences through neural architecture search and optimizes them via a differentiable Bloch simulator and objective-specific loss functions using gradient-based learning. The framework successfully replicated conventional spin-echo, T2-weighted spin-echo, and inversion recovery sequences. Less intuitive solutions were also discovered, such as three-RF spin-echo-like sequences with reduced RF energy and refocusing phases deviating from the conventional Hahn-echo. This work establishes a generalizable framework for automated MR sequence design, highlighting the potential to explore configurations beyond conventional designs based on human intuition.

MRI序列设计神经架构搜索自动化生成

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