arXiv:2604.14839cs.IR2026-04中稿 · SIGIR 2026被引 1

不训练、不改模型,用物品和用户群组特征初始化用户表示,提升推荐效果。

Well Begun is Half Done: Training-Free and Model-Agnostic Semantically Guaranteed User Representation Initialization for Multimodal Recommendation

  • 根据用户交互物品的模态特征与所属群组全局特征,生成语义丰富的初始用户表示
  • 在多个真实数据集上显著提升推荐性能,加速模型收敛并缓解冷启动问题
  • 无需训练、兼容现有模型,适合想快速提升推荐系统表现的研究者与开发者

近年来,多模态推荐通过利用多样化的模态信息来缓解数据稀疏性并提升推荐准确性,受到广泛关注。然而,现有方法忽略了用户表示初始化的关键作用。与天然具备丰富模态信息的物品不同,用户缺乏此类固有信息,导致基于有意义模态信息初始化的物品表示与随机初始化的用户表示之间存在显著语义鸿沟。为此,我们提出一种语义保证的用户表示初始化方法(SG-URInit)。该方法通过融合用户交互物品的模态特征及其对应聚类的全局特征,构建每个用户的初始表示,从而有效捕捉局部(物品级)与全局(聚类级)语义。SG-URInit无需训练且模型无关,可无缝集成到现有多模态推荐模型中,训练时无额外计算开销。在多个真实世界数据集上的大量实验表明,将SG-URInit融入先进多模态推荐模型能显著提升推荐性能;此外,结果还显示其能进一步缓解物品冷启动问题并加速模型收敛,是一种高效实用的多模态推荐解决方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent advancements in multimodal recommendations, which leverage diverse modality information to mitigate data sparsity and improve recommendation accuracy, have gained significant attention. However, existing multimodal recommendations overlook the critical role of user representation initialization. Unlike items, which are naturally associated with rich modality information, users lack such inherent information. Consequently, item representations initialized based on meaningful modality information and user representations initialized randomly exhibit a significant semantic gap. To this end, we propose a Semantically Guaranteed User Representation Initialization (SG-URInit). SG-URInit constructs the initial representation for each user by integrating both the modality features of the items they have interacted with and the global features of their corresponding clusters. SG-URInit enables the initialization of semantically enriched user representations that effectively capture both local (item-level) and global (cluster-level) semantics. Our SG-URInit is training-free and model-agnostic, meaning it can be seamlessly integrated into existing multimodal recommendation models without incurring any additional computational overhead during training. Extensive experiments on multiple real-world datasets demonstrate that incorporating SG-URInit into advanced multimodal recommendation models significantly enhances recommendation performance. Furthermore, the results show that SG-URInit can further alleviate the item cold-start problem and also accelerate model convergence, making it an efficient and practical solution for multimodal recommendations.

多模态推荐用户表征冷启动初始化

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