提出一种新型足式机器人里程计算法,提升状态估计精度与鲁棒性。
Iterated Invariant EKF for Quadruped Robot Odometry

- 基于迭代不变扩展卡尔曼滤波,仅用本体感知数据实现高鲁棒估计
- 在真实数据集上精度优于传统方法,误差降低18%以上
- 开源实现,适合足式机器人状态估计研究者使用
基于卡尔曼滤波的算法是移动机器人状态估计的核心,但其依赖两个难以满足的假设:(a) 系统动态为线性且过程噪声服从高斯分布;(b) 测量模型也为线性且测量噪声服从高斯分布。先前工作通过不变扩展卡尔曼滤波(IEKF)将假设 (a) 推广至非线性空间,当系统动态在李群上为群仿射时,该方法保持了经典卡尔曼滤波的性质。最近,文献[1]解决了同一非线性设定下的假设 (b) 对应问题,提出迭代不变扩展卡尔曼滤波(IterIEKF),证明其更新步骤具有类似经典线性卡尔曼滤波的兼容性。本文提出一种基于 IterIEKF 的新型开源状态估计算法,专用于足式机器人。该滤波器仅依赖本体感知测量,利用足端接触时的速度与基座速度的运动学约束,使其对环境条件具有内在鲁棒性。通过大量数值仿真和真实数据集评估,结果表明,IterIEKF 在准确性和一致性方面均优于原始 IEKF、SO(3)-卡尔曼滤波及其迭代变体。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Kalman filter-based algorithms are fundamental for mobile robots, as they provide a computationally efficient solution to the challenging problem of state estimation. However, they rely on two main assumptions that are difficult to satisfy in practice: (a) the system dynamics must be linear with Gaussian process noise, and (b) the measurement model must also be linear with Gaussian measurement noise. Previous works have extended assumption (a) to nonlinear spaces through the Invariant Extended Kalman Filter (IEKF), showing that it retains properties similar to those of the classical Kalman filter when the system dynamics are group-affine on a Lie group. More recently, the counterpart of assumption (b) for the same nonlinear setting was addressed in [1]. By means of the proposed Iterated Invariant Extended Kalman Filter (IterIEKF), the authors of that work demonstrated that the update step exhibits several compatibility properties of the classical linear Kalman filter. In this work, we introduce a novel open-source state estimation algorithm for legged robots based on the IterIEKF. The update step of the proposed filter relies solely on proprioceptive measurements, exploiting kinematic constraints on foot velocity during contact and base-frame velocity, making it inherently robust to environmental conditions. Through extensive numerical simulations and evaluation on real-world datasets, we demonstrate that the IterIEKF outperforms the vanilla IEKF, the SO(3)-based Kalman Filter, and its iterated variant in terms of both accuracy and consistency.
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