arXiv:2604.15645cs.LGphysics.comp-ph2026-04

融合量子与经典计算的神经网络框架,提升科学计算精度与效率。

Hybrid Quantum-Classical PINNs for Scientific Computing: A Multi-GPU Open-Source Framework

论文配图:Hybrid Quantum-Classical PINNs for Scientific Computing: A Multi-GPU Open-Source Framework
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 集成多GPU加速与量子-经典混合架构,统一训练流程。
  • 在多个物理问题上验证,显著提升收敛速度与精度。
  • 适合研究科学计算中神经网络优化与量子计算应用者。

我们提出QPINNACLE,一个开源计算框架,用于物理信息神经网络(PINNs),整合现代训练策略、多GPU加速及量子-经典混合架构,形成统一模块化工作流。该框架可系统评估不同基准问题(如一维双曲守恒律、不可压缩流体、电磁波传播)中的PINN性能。支持多种增强技术,包括傅里叶特征嵌入、随机权重分解、严格边界条件处理、自适应损失平衡、课程学习和二阶优化策略,并具备扩展性。我们开展了全面的基准测试,量化这些方法对收敛性、精度和计算成本的影响,并分析分布式数据并行在运行时间和内存效率上的表现。此外,框架扩展至混合量子-经典PINNs,推导出参数移位微分下电路评估复杂度的理论估计。结果表明,PINN性能高度依赖架构与训练选择,其计算成本远高于经典求解器,但在特定场景下,混合量子模型可实现更高参数效率。QPINNACLE为量化评估物理信息学习方法提供了基础,助力未来发展方向的确定。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We present QPINNACLE, an open-source computational framework for physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) that integrates modern training strategies, multi-GPU acceleration, and hybrid quantum-classical architectures within a unified modular workflow. The framework enables systematic evaluation of PINN performance across benchmark problems including 1D hyperbolic conservation laws, incompressible flows, and electromagnetic wave propagation. It supports a range of architectural and training enhancements, including Fourier feature embeddings, random weight factorization, strict boundary condition enforcement, adaptive loss balancing, curriculum training, and second-order optimization strategies, with extensibility to additional methods. We provide a comprehensive benchmark study quantifying the impact of these methods on convergence, accuracy, and computational cost, and analyze distributed data parallel scaling in terms of runtime and memory efficiency. In addition, we extend the framework to hybrid quantum-classical PINNs and derive a formal estimate for circuit-evaluation complexity under parameter-shift differentiation. Results highlight the sensitivity of PINNs to architectural and training choices, confirm their high computational cost relative to classical solvers, and identify regimes where hybrid quantum models offer improved parameter efficiency. QPINNACLE provides a foundation for benchmarking physics-informed learning methods and guiding future developments through quantitative assessment of their trade-offs.

科学计算量子神经网络PINN多GPU加速

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