为救护车设计减振导航系统,智能选路降低患者舱内振动。
Driving Assistance System for Ambulances to Minimise the Vibrations in Patient Cabin
- 用加速度计和GPS采集振动数据,结合神经网络分类振动等级。
- 97%准确率识别低/中/高振动,推荐振动更小的路线。
- 适合急救运输优化,尤其对脆弱患者有实际帮助。
救护车作为伤病员的主要转运工具,其行驶中的加速度与普通车辆相同,这些加速度会影响医护人员操作,进而影响患者生存率或恢复时间。本文提出一套用于评估救护车驾驶的系统,由加速度计、GPS传感器、电池、显示屏和扬声器组成。当两条路线到达同一目的地时,系统基于已分类的数据比较路线,在时间和患者舱内振动之间计算指数与评分,推荐振动最小的路径。使用三个数据集训练、验证和测试该系统。基于人工神经网络(ANN)的分类模型在标注为低、中、高振动的数据上达到97%准确率。模型在另一地区三条路线数据上验证有效。最终在两个新场景下测试,结果显示:当路线时间差小于6%时,系统优先推荐振动更小的路径;但若时间差超过20%,系统仍选择最短路线,即使其振动更高。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The ambulance service is the main transport for diseased or injured people which suffers the same acceleration forces as regular vehicles. These accelerations, caused by the movement of the vehicle, impact the performance of tasks executed by sanitary personnel, which can affect patient survival or recovery time. In this paper, we have trained, validated, and tested a system to assess driving in ambulance services. The proposed system is composed of a sensor node which measures the vehicle vibrations using an accelerometer. It also includes a GPS sensor, a battery, a display, and a speaker. When two possible routes reach the same destination point, the system compares the two routes based on previously classified data and calculates an index and a score. Thus, the index balances the possible routes in terms of time to reach the destination and the vibrations suffered in the patient cabin to recommend the route that minimises those vibrations. Three datasets are used to train, validate, and test the system. Based on an Artificial Neural network (ANN), the classification model is trained with tagged data classified as low, medium, and high vibrations, and 97% accuracy is achieved. Then, the obtained model is validated using data from three routes of another region. Finally, the system is tested in two new scenarios with two possible routes to reach the destination. The results indicate that the route with less vibration is preferred when there are low time differences (less than 6%) between the two possible routes. Nonetheless, with the current weighting factors, the shortest route is preferred when time differences between routes are higher than 20%, regardless of the higher vibrations in the shortest route.
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