拆解汽车查询理解任务,提升准确率与响应速度
Domain-Specific Query Understanding for Automotive Applications: A Modular and Scalable Approach

- 分两步走:先分类再精准提取实体
- 准确率提升,延迟显著降低
- 适合需要高可靠性的车载系统部署
尽管大语言模型在特定领域应用日益广泛,但汽车领域的查询理解问题仍缺乏深入研究。该领域因专业术语多、用户意图多样而复杂,系统需精准识别查询并路由至对应工具(如推荐零件、维修流程或法规查询),且须严格匹配各工具的输入格式。本文提出一种两阶段模块化方法,相较单阶段联合分类与实体抽取,分解为轻量级分类后使用小型专用提示进行针对性实体提取,显著提升效率与准确率。针对汽车领域数据稀缺问题,通过人工标注与合成数据结合,并经领域专家审核构建高质量数据集。结果表明,模块化拆分能实现可扩展、高精度、低延迟的查询理解方案,为实际车载系统部署奠定坚实基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Despite the growing prevalence of large language models (LLMs) in domain-specific applications, the challenge of query understanding in the automotive sector still remains underexplored. This domain presents unique complexities due to its specialized vocabulary and the diverse range of user intents it encompasses. Unlike general-purpose assistants, automotive systems must precisely interpret user queries and route them to appropriate underlying tool, each designed to fulfill a distinct task such as part recommendations, repair procedures, or regulatory lookups. Moreover, these systems must extract structured inputs precisely aligned with the schema required by each tool. In this study, we present a novel two-step system for domain-specific query interpretation in the automotive context that achieves an effective balance between responsiveness, reliability, and scalability. Our initial single-step approach, which jointly performed classification and entity extraction, exhibited moderate performance and higher latency. By decomposing the task into a lightweight classification stage followed by targeted entity extraction using smaller, specialized prompts, our system achieves substantial gains in both efficiency and accuracy. Due to the niche nature of the automotive domain, we also curated a high-quality dataset by combining manually annotated and synthetically generated samples, all reviewed by domain experts. Overall, our findings demonstrate that decomposing query understanding into modular subtasks leads to a scalable, accurate, and latency-efficient solution. This approach establishes a strong ground for practical deployment in real-world automotive query understanding systems.
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