提出推理时动态压缩视觉特征,显著降低大模型内存峰值。
Reducing Peak Memory Usage for Modern Multimodal Large Language Model Pipelines

- 在预填充阶段实时压缩视觉令牌,控制内存增长
- 峰值内存降低超过50%,生成质量仅轻微下降
- 适合部署高分辨率图像与长视频的多模态应用
多模态大语言模型(MLLM)在处理高分辨率图像和长视频等复杂视觉输入时展现出强大能力。随着视觉表征越来越丰富,推理过程需在键值缓存(KV cache)中存储大量视觉令牌,导致内存成为主要瓶颈。现有方法通常在所有输入处理完毕后才进行缓存压缩,导致预填充阶段内存占用过高。本文发现MLLM具有内在结构规律和表示冗余,可被用于全程控制内存增长。为此,我们提出一种序列化输入压缩机制,在预填充阶段即实施结构感知的缓存压缩,以固定内存预算运行。该方法大幅降低峰值内存使用,同时保持生成性能基本不变,使多模态推理更高效、更实用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding and generating responses from diverse visual inputs, including high-resolution images and long video sequences. As these models scale to richer visual representations, inference increasingly relies on storing large numbers of vision tokens in the key-value (KV) cache, making memory consumption a central bottleneck. Existing methods address this issue by identifying redundancy in vision tokens and compressing the cache, but such compression is typically applied only after all inputs are processed, resulting in high peak memory usage during the prefill stage. In this work, we show that MLLMs exhibit inherent structural regularities and representational redundancy that can be exploited to control memory growth throughout inference. Based on this insight, we propose a sequential input-compression mechanism that enforces a fixed memory budget by performing structure-aware key-value cache compression during the prefill process. This approach substantially reduces peak memory usage while maintaining generative performance with only minimal degradation, enabling more practical and memory-efficient multimodal inference.
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