arXiv:2604.16748cs.CVcs.AI2026-04中稿 · CVPR

将时间序列同时映射到时域、频域和视觉空间,实现更精准的长期预测。

TriTS: Time Series Forecasting from a Multimodal Perspective

论文配图:TriTS: Time Series Forecasting from a Multimodal Perspective
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过时域、频域和2D视觉三模态解耦,突破单一维度表示瓶颈。
  • 在多个基准数据集上超越现有视觉模型,参数量与推理延迟显著降低。
  • 适合需要高精度、低延迟预测的金融、能源等场景使用。

时间序列预测在金融、能源、交通和气象等领域至关重要。然而,长期时间序列预测(LTSF)仍面临挑战,因真实信号包含高度交织的时序动态,仅从一维视角难以充分捕捉。为此,我们提出TriTS,一种新颖的跨模态解耦框架,将一维时间序列投影至正交的时间、频率和二维视觉空间。为避免视觉变换器(ViT)带来的$O(N^2)$计算开销,引入周期感知重塑策略并结合视觉马比(Visual Mamba),以线性复杂度高效建模跨周期依赖关系。同时设计多分辨率小波混合(MR-WM)模块处理频率模态,显式分离非平稳信号的趋势与噪声成分,实现精细的时间-频率定位。此外,保留一个流式线性分支于时域,确保数值稳定性。通过动态融合三种互补表征,TriTS能自适应多样数据情境。大量实验表明,该模型在多个基准数据集上达到最先进性能,显著优于现有基于视觉的预测器,大幅降低参数量与推理延迟。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Time series forecasting plays a pivotal role in critical sectors such as finance, energy, transportation, and meteorology. However, Long-term Time Series Forecasting (LTSF) remains a significant challenge because real-world signals contain highly entangled temporal dynamics that are difficult to fully capture from a purely 1D perspective. To break this representation bottleneck, we propose TriTS, a novel cross-modal disentanglement framework that projects 1D time series into orthogonal time, frequency, and 2D-vision spaces.To seamlessly bridge the 1D-to-2D modality gap without the prohibitive $O(N^2)$ computational overhead of Vision Transformers (ViTs), we introduce a Period-Aware Reshaping strategy and incorporate Visual Mamba (Vim). This approach efficiently models cross-period dependencies as global visual textures while maintaining linear computational complexity. Complementing this, we design a Multi-Resolution Wavelet Mixing (MR-WM) module for the frequency modality, which explicitly decouples non-stationary signals into trend and noise components to achieve fine-grained time-frequency localization. Finally, a streaming linear branch is retained in the time domain to anchor numerical stability. By dynamically fusing these three complementary representations, TriTS effectively adapts to diverse data contexts. Extensive experiments across multiple benchmark datasets demonstrate that TriTS achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance, fundamentally outperforming existing vision-based forecasters by drastically reducing both parameter count and inference latency.

时间序列多模态预测

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