arXiv:2604.17222cs.CVcs.AI2026-04中稿 · the IEEE Engineeri…

用新注意力机制直接分析全片乳腺癌图像,提升诊断准确率。

Region-Affinity Attention for Whole-Slide Breast Cancer Classification in Deep Ultraviolet Imaging

论文配图:Region-Affinity Attention for Whole-Slide Breast Cancer Classification in Deep Ultraviolet Imaging
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 不切片处理整张病理片,保留空间结构完整性
  • 在136张图像上达92.67%准确率,AUC达95.97%
  • 适合追求高精度、临床部署的数字病理研究者

乳腺癌诊断亟需快速精准工具,传统组织病理方法在术中常显不足。深紫外(DUV)荧光成像提供高对比度、无染色的全片图像(WSI),在速度与分辨率上超越常规苏木精-伊红(H&E)染色。然而,现有深度学习分类方法多基于切片策略,破坏空间上下文且预处理开销大,限制了临床应用。标准注意力机制如空间注意力、挤压激励、全局上下文和引导上下文门控,难以充分挖掘DUV-WSI中多尺度区域间的丰富关系,常过度关注通用特征重校而忽略诊断特异性。本研究提出专为DUV-WSI设计的区域亲和注意力机制,无需切片即可处理整张幻灯片,通过建模局部邻域距离构建完整亲和矩阵,动态突出诊断相关区域,并引入对比损失增强特征可区分性。在136例DUV-WSI数据集上,该方法准确率达92.67±0.73%,AUC为95.97%,优于现有注意力方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Breast cancer diagnosis demands rapid and precise tools, yet traditional histopathological methods often fall short in intra-operative settings. Deep Ultraviolet (DUV) fluorescence imaging emerges as a transformative approach, offering high-contrast, label-free visualization of whole-slide images (WSIs) with unprecedented detail, surpassing conventional hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining in speed and resolution. However, existing deep learning methods for breast cancer classification, predominantly patch-based, fragment spatial context and incur significant preprocessing overhead, limiting their clinical utility. Moreover, standard attention mechanisms, such as Spatial, Squeeze-and-Excitation, Global Context and Guided Context Gating, fail to fully exploit the rich, multi-scale regional relationships inherent in DUV-WSI data, often prioritizing generic feature recalibration over diagnostic specificity. This study introduces a novel Region-Affinity Attention mechanism tailored for DUV-WSI breast cancer classification, processing entire slides without patching to preserve spatial integrity. By modeling local neighbor distances and constructing a full affinity matrix, our method dynamically highlights diagnostically relevant regions, augmented by a contrastive loss to enhance feature discriminability. Evaluated on a dataset of 136 DUV-WSI samples, our approach achieves an accuracy of 92.67 +/- 0.73% and an AUC of 95.97%, outperforming existing attention methods.

病理图像注意力机制乳腺癌全片分析

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