用神经符号代理和随机思维树修复硬件代码,准确率超传统方法
Clover: A Neural-Symbolic Agentic Harness with Stochastic Tree-of-Thoughts for Verified RTL Repair

- 分派不同任务给专用LLM或符号求解器,动态调整修复策略
- 在固定时间内修复96.8%的硬件缺陷,比纯传统和纯LLM方法分别多修94%和63%
- 适合硬件验证与自动化修复场景,尤其擅长长代码与波形处理
RTL程序修复仍是硬件设计与验证中的关键瓶颈。传统自动程序修复(APR)依赖预定义模板和综合,覆盖范围有限。基于大语言模型(LLMs)的编码代理虽灵活,但在处理长版图代码和波形时易受随机性和上下文污染影响。本文提出Clover,一种神经符号代理框架,将RTL修复视为对代码修改操作的结构化搜索,以寻找经验证的解决方案。针对不同修复操作适配不同策略,Clover动态调度任务至专用的LLM代理或符号求解器。核心创新为随机思维树(stochastic tree-of-thoughts),一种测试时扩展机制,通过维护搜索树管理主代理上下文,平衡探索与利用以保证结果可靠。专用于RTL的工具箱使代理可与调试环境交互。在RTL修复基准上评估,Clover在固定时间限制内修复96.8%的缺陷,较纯传统与纯LLM基线分别多修复94%和63%的漏洞,平均pass@1率达87.5%,体现高可靠性与有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
RTL program repair remains a critical bottleneck in hardware design and verification. Traditional automatic program repair (APR) methods rely on predefined templates and synthesis, limiting their bug coverage. Large language models (LLMs) and coding agents based on them offer flexibility but suffer from randomness and context corruption when handling long RTL code and waveforms. We present Clover, a neural-symbolic agentic harness that orchestrates RTL repair as a structured search over code manipulations to explore a validated solution for the bug. Recognizing that different repair operations favor distinct strategies, Clover dynamically dispatches tasks to specialized LLM agents or symbolic solvers. At its core, Clover introduces stochastic tree-of-thoughts, a test-time scaling mechanism that manages the main agent's context as a search tree, balancing exploration and exploitation for reliable outcomes. An RTL-specific toolbox further empowers agents to interact with the debugging environment. Evaluated on the RTL-repair benchmark, Clover fixes 96.8% of bugs within a fixed time limit, covering 94% and 63% more bugs than both pure traditional and LLM-based baselines, respectively, while achieving an average pass@1 rate of 87.5%, demonstrating high reliability and effectiveness.
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