用规划问题生成百万级步骤数据,提升大模型推理评分模型精度。
Process Reward Models Meet Planning: Generating Precise and Scalable Datasets for Step-Level Rewards

- 基于PDDL规划语言自动生成推理步骤数据,实现大规模可扩展。
- 在数学与非数学任务上,新数据使PRM性能显著提升。
- 适合需要精细推理评估的AI研究者和模型训练团队。
过程奖励模型(PRM)能对大语言模型(LLM)的思维链(CoT)提供逐步反馈,但现有数据集构建成本高、易出错,且多局限于数学领域。本文提出一种基于规划领域定义语言(PDDL)的新方法,生成约一百万条推理步骤数据,并用于训练PRM。实验表明,将这些PDDL生成的数据加入主流训练集,可显著提升数学与非数学推理任务的表现。结果证明,规划问题是一种可扩展、高效且精细的PRM训练数据来源,突破了当前以数学为主的数据局限。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Process Reward Models (PRMs) have emerged as a powerful tool for providing step-level feedback when evaluating the reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs), which frequently produce chains of thought (CoTs) containing errors even when the final answer is correct. However, existing PRM datasets remain expensive to construct, prone to annotation errors, and predominantly limited to the mathematical domain. This work introduces a novel and scalable approach to PRM dataset generation based on planning logical problems expressed in the Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL). Using this method, we generate a corpus of approximately one million reasoning steps across various PDDL domains and use it to train PRMs. Experimental results show that augmenting widely-used PRM training datasets with PDDL-derived data yields substantial improvements in both mathematical and non-mathematical reasoning, as demonstrated across multiple benchmarks. These findings indicate that planning problems constitute a scalable and effective resource for generating robust, precise, and fine-grained training data for PRMs, going beyond the classical mathematical sources that dominate this field.
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