arXiv:2604.18194cs.LGcs.CV2026-04被引 3

通过引入摩擦系数提升生成模型效率,显著改善图像域转换质量。

Friction-Augmented Drifting Models for Resource-Efficient Domain Translation

论文配图:Friction-Augmented Drifting Models for Resource-Efficient Domain Translation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用线性调度的摩擦系数调节漂移场,防止迭代发散。
  • 在FFHQ数据集上FID和CLIP-MMD指标优于无摩擦模型,且无需额外参数。
  • 训练速度比最优流匹配快29倍,适合算力受限场景使用。

单步生成器以极低的推理与训练开销实现高保真合成,是计算资源受限时的关键需求。漂移模型(DMs)通过核函数驱动的漂移场演化样本,完全避免了常微分方程(ODE)积分,但其双粒子近似存在局部排斥区域,导致排斥力可能压倒目标吸引力。本文提出带摩擦的漂移模型(DMF),通过线性调度的系数 $1-γ(i)$ 缩放漂移场。对近似模型的闭式分析给出了每步收缩阈值和误差轨迹的有限时间界,解释了摩擦如何阻止迭代在虚假力平衡点松弛。在FFHQ潜空间域转换任务中,DMF在弗雷谢特初始距离(FID;配对 $p=0.019$,Cohen's $d=1.71$)和CLIP-MMD(CMMD;$p=0.005$,$d=2.55$)上显著优于无摩擦的原始DM,且无需额外前向传播或参数。在二维任务中,其弗雷谢特(矩匹配)误差大幅降低,而2-Wasserstein距离表现相当。在相同硬件下,DMF达到与更昂贵的最优流匹配(OFM)相当的FID和CMMD性能,训练耗时仅为后者的约 $29\times$。DMF仅需一个调度标量即实现上述优势。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Single-step generators promise high-fidelity synthesis at a fraction of the inference and training cost of ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based flow models, a central concern when compute is limited. Drifting Models (DMs) train a one-step generator by evolving samples under a kernel-based drift field, avoiding ODE integration entirely, but a two-particle surrogate of their iteration admits a \emph{locally repulsive} regime in which repulsion can dominate the attraction to the target. We introduce DMF (Drifting Model with Friction), which scales the drift field by a linearly-scheduled coefficient $1-γ(i)$. A closed-form analysis of the surrogate gives a per-step contraction threshold and a finite-horizon bound on the error trajectory, suggesting why friction can halt the iteration before it relaxes to a spurious force-balance fixed point. On FFHQ latent-space domain translation, DMF significantly improves on the frictionless DM it extends in both Fréchet Inception Distance (FID; paired $p=0.019$, Cohen's $d=1.71$) and CLIP-MMD (CMMD; $p=0.005$, $d=2.55$) with no additional forward passes or parameters, and on a 2D task it sharply improves DM's Fréchet (moment-matching) error while remaining on par under the 2-Wasserstein distance. DMF also achieves FID and CMMD comparable to the far more expensive Optimal Flow Matching (OFM) in our runs, at roughly $29\times$ lower training wall-clock on identical hardware. DMF thus delivers these gains with a single scheduled scalar.

生成模型高效训练域转换扩散模型

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