无需模型即可规划复杂时序任务,实现零样本泛化。
DAG-STL: A Hierarchical Framework for Zero-Shot Trajectory Planning under Signal Temporal Logic Specifications

- 分三阶段:分解逻辑条件、分配时间点、生成轨迹
- 在多个环境中优于直接扩散方法,长时任务成功率更高
- 适合导航与操作场景,对未知系统仍具高效性
信号时序逻辑(STL)是描述机器人时序任务的强大语言。当系统动力学和环境结构无法解析获取时,基于STL约束生成可执行轨迹仍具挑战。现有方法通常依赖显式模型或学习特定任务行为,限制了对未见STL任务的零样本泛化能力。本文研究在未知动力学下仅使用任务无关轨迹数据的离线STL规划。核心思想是将逻辑推理与轨迹实现分离。提出DAG-STL框架,将长时域STL规划分解为三个阶段:首先将STL公式拆解为由共享时间约束连接的可达性与不变性进展条件;其次利用学习到的可达性-时间估计分配带时序的路径点;最后通过基于扩散的生成器合成各点间轨迹。该分解-分配-生成流程将全局规划转化为更短、支持更强的子问题。为弥合规划正确性与执行可行性间的差距,引入无需回放的动态一致性度量、有限预算下的任意时改进搜索策略,以及执行时的分层在线重规划机制。在Maze2D、OGBench AntMaze及Cube场景中的实验表明,DAG-STL在复杂长时域STL任务上显著优于直接鲁棒性引导的扩散方法,并在导航与操作设置中具备良好泛化能力。在自定义优化基准环境中,DAG-STL恢复了大多数模型可解任务,同时相较于基于显式系统模型的直接优化保持明显计算优势。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a powerful language for specifying temporally structured robotic tasks. Planning executable trajectories under STL constraints remains difficult when system dynamics and environment structure are not analytically available. Existing methods typically either assume explicit models or learn task-specific behaviors, limiting zero-shot generalization to unseen STL tasks. In this work, we study offline STL planning under unknown dynamics using only task-agnostic trajectory data. Our central design philosophy is to separate logical reasoning from trajectory realization. We instantiate this idea in DAG-STL, a hierarchical framework that converts long-horizon STL planning into three stages. It first decomposes an STL formula into reachability and invariance progress conditions linked by shared timing constraints. It then allocates timed waypoints using learned reachability-time estimates. Finally, it synthesizes trajectories between these waypoints with a diffusion-based generator. This decomposition--allocation--generation pipeline reduces global planning to shorter, better-supported subproblems. To bridge the gap between planning-level correctness and execution-level feasibility, we further introduce a rollout-free dynamic consistency metric, an anytime refinement search procedure for improving multiple allocation hypotheses under finite budgets, and a hierarchical online replanning mechanism for execution-time recovery. Experiments in Maze2D, OGBench AntMaze, and the Cube domain show that DAG-STL substantially outperforms direct robustness-guided diffusion on complex long-horizon STL tasks and generalizes across navigation and manipulation settings. In a custom environment with an optimization-based reference, DAG-STL recovers most model-solvable tasks while retaining a clear computational advantage over direct optimization based on the explicit system model.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。