arXiv:2604.18362cs.CLcs.IR2026-04

提出证据仲裁框架,解决长文本生成中事实冲突问题

ArbGraph: Conflict-Aware Evidence Arbitration for Reliable Long-Form Retrieval-Augmented Generation

  • 将检索证据拆分为原子命题,构建带支持与矛盾关系的图结构
  • 通过可信度传播机制迭代消除不一致内容,提升事实准确性
  • 适合需要高可靠性的长文本生成任务,如报告撰写与知识问答

长文本检索增强生成(RAG)仍面临可靠性问题,因检索证据存在噪声或矛盾,导致事实一致性难以维持。现有方法聚焦于生成过程中的检索扩展或验证,使冲突解决与生成纠缠在一起。为此,我们提出ArbGraph框架,在生成前进行证据仲裁,显式解决事实冲突。ArbGraph将检索文档分解为原子命题,并组织成含明确支持与矛盾关系的冲突感知证据图。在此基础上,引入强度驱动的迭代仲裁机制,通过证据间交互传播可信度信号,提前抑制不可靠和不一致的命题。该方法将证据验证与文本生成分离,为下游长文本生成提供连贯的证据基础。我们在LongFact和RAGChecker两个主流长文本RAG基准上使用多个大模型进行评估。结果表明,ArbGraph在保持事实召回率的同时,显著提升了信息密度,减少了幻觉并降低对检索噪声的敏感性。额外分析显示,当证据存在冲突或模糊时,该方法优势尤为明显,证明了证据级冲突解决对提升长文本RAG可靠性的有效性。代码已公开于https://github.com/1212Judy/ArbGraph。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) remains unreliable in long-form settings, where retrieved evidence is noisy or contradictory, making it difficult for RAG pipelines to maintain factual consistency. Existing approaches focus on retrieval expansion or verification during generation, leaving conflict resolution entangled with generation. To address this limitation, we propose ArbGraph, a framework for pre-generation evidence arbitration in long-form RAG that explicitly resolves factual conflicts. ArbGraph decomposes retrieved documents into atomic claims and organizes them into a conflict-aware evidence graph with explicit support and contradiction relations. On top of this graph, we introduce an intensity-driven iterative arbitration mechanism that propagates credibility signals through evidence interactions, enabling the system to suppress unreliable and inconsistent claims before final generation. In this way, ArbGraph separates evidence validation from text generation and provides a coherent evidence foundation for downstream long-form generation. We evaluate ArbGraph on two widely used long-form RAG benchmarks, LongFact and RAGChecker, using multiple large language model backbones. Experimental results show that ArbGraph consistently improves factual recall and information density while reducing hallucinations and sensitivity to retrieval noise. Additional analyses show that these gains are evident under conflicting or ambiguous evidence, highlighting the effectiveness of evidence-level conflict resolution for improving the reliability of long-form RAG. The implementation is publicly available at https://github.com/1212Judy/ArbGraph.

RAG证据仲裁长文本生成

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