arXiv:2604.18477cs.LG2026-04

将生物序列转为可逆多尺度几何表示,提升分类性能与可解释性。

Multi-Scale Reversible Chaos Game Representation: A Unified Framework for Sequence Classification

论文配图:Multi-Scale Reversible Chaos Game Representation: A Unified Framework for Sequence Classification
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用有理数运算和分层k-mer分解生成可逆的多尺度几何特征
  • 在7类序列数据上,融合语言模型与该特征显著提升分类准确率
  • 适合需要可解释性和高精度的生物序列分析任务

生物序列的可解释分类仍是挑战。本文提出一种新型编码框架——多尺度可逆混沌游戏表示(MS-RCGR),将生物序列转化为具有保证可逆性的多分辨率几何表示。不同于传统方法,MS-RCGR采用有理数运算和分层k-mer分解,生成保持完整序列信息且尺度不变的特征,支持多种分析范式:(1) 基于提取几何特征的传统机器学习,(2) 在CGF生成图像上运行的计算机视觉模型,(3) 融合蛋白质语言模型嵌入(ESM2、ProtT5)与CGF特征的混合方法。在包含七类不同序列的合成DNA和蛋白数据集上,实验表明MS-RCGR特征在所有范式中均显著提升分类性能。尤其,结合预训练语言模型与MS-RCGR特征的混合方法优于单独使用任一方法。编码的可逆性确保转换无信息损失,多尺度分析则能捕捉从单个核苷酸到复杂基序结构的模式。结果表明,MS-RCGR为生物序列分析提供了灵活、可解释且高性能的基础。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Biological classification with interpretability remains a challenging task. For this, we introduce a novel encoding framework, Multi-Scale Reversible Chaos Game Representation (MS-RCGR), that transforms biological sequences into multi-resolution geometric representations with guaranteed reversibility. Unlike traditional sequence encoding methods, MS-RCGR employs rational arithmetic and hierarchical k-mer decomposition to generate scale-invariant features that preserve complete sequence information while enabling diverse analytical approaches. Our framework bridges three distinct paradigms for sequence analysis: (1) traditional machine learning using extracted geometric features, (2) computer vision models operating on CGR-generated images, and (3) hybrid approaches combining protein language model embeddings with CGR features. Through comprehensive experiments on synthetic DNA and protein datasets encompassing seven distinct sequence classes, we demonstrate that MS-RCGR features consistently enhance classification performance across all paradigms. Notably, our hybrid approach combining pre-trained language model embeddings (ESM2, ProtT5) with MS-RCGR features achieves superior performance compared to either method alone. The reversibility property of our encoding ensures no information loss during transformation, while multi-scale analysis captures patterns ranging from individual nucleotides to complex motif structures. Our results indicate that MS-RCGR provides a flexible, interpretable, and high-performing foundation for biological sequence analysis.

序列分析可解释性多尺度生物信息学

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