让大模型在推理中自主探索新路径,提升数学与通用推理能力。
OGER: A Robust Offline-Guided Exploration Reward for Hybrid Reinforcement Learning

- 融合离线教师指导与在线强化学习,设计可自适应探索的奖励机制。
- 在数学与通用推理任务上显著超越基线,跨域泛化能力强。
- 适合需要自主探索与复杂推理的AI系统研究者使用。
近年来,基于可验证奖励的强化学习(RLVR)在大语言模型(LLM)推理方面取得显著进展,但模型常受限于初始策略分布,难以探索新路径。现有方法如离线教师指导与熵驱动策略,往往缺乏深度整合或受模型固有能力制约。本文提出OGER(Offline-Guided Exploration Reward),通过专用奖励建模框架,统一离线教师指导与在线强化学习。OGER采用多教师协同训练,构建辅助探索奖励,结合离线轨迹与模型自身熵值,激励自主探索。在数学与通用推理基准上的大量实验表明,OGER持续优于竞争性基线,在数学推理上实现显著提升,并保持对域外任务的鲁棒泛化能力。我们对训练动态进行了全面分析,并开展详尽消融研究,验证了熵感知奖励调制的有效性。代码已开源:https://github.com/ecoli-hit/OGER.git。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advancements in Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) have significantly improved Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning, yet models often struggle to explore novel trajectories beyond their initial policy distribution. While offline teacher guidance and entropy-driven strategies have been proposed to address this, they often lack deep integration or are constrained by the model's inherent capacity. In this paper, we propose OGER (Offline-Guided Exploration Reward), a novel framework that unifies offline teacher guidance and online reinforcement learning through a specialized reward modeling lens. OGER employs multi-teacher collaborative training and constructs an auxiliary exploration reward that leverages both offline trajectories and the model's own entropy to incentivize autonomous exploration. Extensive experiments across mathematical and general reasoning benchmarks demonstrate that OGER consistently outperforms competitive baselines, achieving substantial gains in mathematical reasoning while maintaining robust generalization to out-of-domain tasks. We provide a comprehensive analysis of training dynamics and conduct detailed ablation studies to validate the effectiveness of our entropy-aware reward modulation. Our code is available at https://github.com/ecoli-hit/OGER.git.
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