为智能体系统设计安全可控的执行架构,解决大模型失控问题。
From Craft to Kernel: A Governance-First Execution Architecture and Semantic ISA for Agentic Computers

- 用确定性神经符号内核替代大模型控制,实现治理优先的执行机制。
- 在真实任务中拦截76%~95%不安全操作,比原策略提升92.79%。
- 适合需要高安全性的智能体应用,如自动化运维与敏感数据处理。
智能体人工智能从脆弱原型转向生产系统的进程因普遍存在的‘技艺危机’而受阻。我们指出,当前以大语言模型为主导控制循环、辅以启发式防护的编排范式是导致系统脆弱的根本原因。为此,我们提出Arbiter-K——一种治理优先的执行架构,将底层模型重构为由确定性神经符号内核封装的概率处理单元。Arbiter-K通过语义指令集架构(Semantic ISA),将概率性推理消息转化为离散指令,使内核可在运行时维护安全上下文注册表并构建指令依赖图,实现基于数据流溯源的主动污点传播。借助此机制,Arbiter-K能在确定性接收点(如高风险工具调用或未经授权的网络外联)精确拦截不安全路径,并在触发安全策略时实现自主纠正与架构回滚。在OpenClaw和NanoBot上的评估表明,Arbiter-K将安全作为微架构属性,对不安全行为的拦截率达76%至95%,绝对性能提升92.79%。代码已公开于https://github.com/cure-lab/ArbiterOS。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The transition of agentic AI from brittle prototypes to production systems is stalled by a pervasive crisis of craft. We suggest that the prevailing orchestration paradigm-delegating the system control loop to large language models and merely patching with heuristic guardrails-is the root cause of this fragility. Instead, we propose Arbiter-K, a Governance-First execution architecture that reconceptualizes the underlying model as a Probabilistic Processing Unit encapsulated by a deterministic, neuro-symbolic kernel. Arbiter-K implements a Semantic Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) to reify probabilistic messages into discrete instructions. This allows the kernel to maintain a Security Context Registry and construct an Instruction Dependency Graph at runtime, enabling active taint propagation based on the data-flow pedigree of each reasoning node. By leveraging this mechanism, Arbiter-K precisely interdicts unsafe trajectories at deterministic sinks (e.g., high-risk tool calls or unauthorized network egress) and enables autonomous execution correction and architectural rollback when security policies are triggered. Evaluations on OpenClaw and NanoBot demonstrate that Arbiter-K enforces security as a microarchitectural property, achieving 76% to 95% unsafe interception for a 92.79% absolute gain over native policies. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/cure-lab/ArbiterOS.
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