arXiv:2604.18887cs.ROcs.SY2026-04

用数据学习足式机器人运动的低维模型,精准预测稳定性边界。

HALO: Hybrid Auto-encoded Locomotion with Learned Latent Dynamics, Poincaré Maps, and Regions of Attraction

论文配图:HALO: Hybrid Auto-encoded Locomotion with Learned Latent Dynamics, Poincaré Maps, and Regions of Attraction
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过自编码器与隐式庞加莱映射,从轨迹中提取低维运动状态
  • 在隐空间构建李雅普诺夫函数与吸引域,可反推真实系统边界
  • 适用于复杂足式机器人,验证了稳定性结构的有效传递

降阶模型对分析和控制高维动力系统非常有效,但为足式机器人等复杂混合系统构建此类模型仍具挑战。传统方法依赖手工设计的模板模型(如LIP、SLIP),虽有启发性,却仅能近似真实动力学。数据驱动方法可提取更精确的低维表示,但其隐空间中的稳定性与安全性属性是否能有效映射回全阶系统尚不明确。为此,我们提出HALO(Hybrid Auto-encoded Locomotion),一种直接从轨迹数据学习周期性混合动力系统低维隐式模型的框架。HALO使用自编码器识别低维隐状态,并学习一个捕捉步间运动动态的隐式庞加莱映射。该框架支持在隐空间进行李雅普诺夫分析并构造吸引域,这些结果可通过解码器反向映射至全阶状态空间。在模拟跳跃机器人和全身人形机器人步行任务上的实验表明,HALO生成的低维模型保留了有意义的稳定性结构,并能准确预测全阶系统的吸引域边界。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Reduced-order models are powerful for analyzing and controlling high-dimensional dynamical systems. Yet constructing these models for complex hybrid systems such as legged robots remains challenging. Classical approaches rely on hand-designed template models (e.g., LIP, SLIP), which, though insightful, only approximate the underlying dynamics. In contrast, data-driven methods can extract more accurate low-dimensional representations, but it remains unclear when stability and safety properties observed in the latent space meaningfully transfer back to the full-order system. To bridge this gap, we introduce HALO (Hybrid Auto-encoded Locomotion), a framework for learning latent reduced-order models of periodic hybrid dynamics directly from trajectory data. HALO employs an autoencoder to identify a low-dimensional latent state together with a learned latent Poincaré map that captures step-to-step locomotion dynamics. This enables Lyapunov analysis and the construction of an associated region of attraction in the latent space, both of which can be lifted back to the full-order state space through the decoder. Experiments on a simulated hopping robot and full-body humanoid locomotion demonstrate that HALO yields low-dimensional models that retain meaningful stability structure and predict full-order region-of-attraction boundaries.

机器人运动降阶模型稳定性分析自编码器

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