arXiv:2604.19141cs.CV2026-04被引 3

让图像生成按难易程度分配算力,提升效率与质量

Denoising, Fast and Slow: Difficulty-Aware Adaptive Sampling for Image Generation

论文配图:Denoising, Fast and Slow: Difficulty-Aware Adaptive Sampling for Image Generation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 按区域难易动态调整去噪步数,避免均匀计算
  • 在ImageNet上优于标准基线,文本到图像也适用
  • 轻量级难度头实现算力自适应,适合高效生成

扩散模型和流模型通常对图像各区域均匀分配计算资源,以相同时间步和函数评估次数更新所有图像块。然而,自然图像存在区域差异:某些区域易去噪,而另一些则需更多精炼或上下文信息。为此,我们探索了基于图像块的噪声尺度。发现直接在图像令牌间变化时间步效果不佳,因训练中暴露了推理时不会出现的过强信息状态。因此,我们引入一种时间步采样器,显式控制训练中每个块的最大信息量;从全局时间步转向块级时间步已显著提升生成质量。进一步通过轻量级每块难度头,实现算力动态分配。结合空间与扩散时间的噪声水平变化,提出Patch Forcing(PF)框架:先快速处理简单区域,为其提供上下文支持复杂区域。PF在类条件ImageNet上表现更优,与表示对齐和引导方法正交,并可扩展至文本到图像生成。结果表明,块级去噪调度为自适应图像生成提供了有前景的基础。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Diffusion- and flow-based models usually allocate compute uniformly across space, updating all patches with the same timestep and number of function evaluations. While convenient, this ignores the heterogeneity of natural images: some regions are easy to denoise, whereas others benefit from more refinement or additional context. Motivated by this, we explore patch-level noise scales for image synthesis. We find that naively varying timesteps across image tokens performs poorly, as it exposes the model to overly informative training states that do not occur at inference. We therefore introduce a timestep sampler that explicitly controls the maximum patch-level information available during training, and show that moving from global to patch-level timesteps already improves image generation over standard baselines. By further augmenting the model with a lightweight per-patch difficulty head, we enable adaptive samplers that allocate compute dynamically where it is most needed. Combined with noise levels varying over both space and diffusion time, this yields Patch Forcing (PF), a framework that advances easier regions earlier so they can provide context for harder ones. PF achieves superior results on class-conditional ImageNet, remains orthogonal to representation alignment and guidance methods, and scales to text-to-image synthesis. Our results suggest that patch-level denoising schedules provide a promising foundation for adaptive image generation.

图像生成扩散模型自适应采样去噪调度

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