arXiv:2604.19344cs.RO2026-04被引 1

用稀疏门控专家模型提升机器人越障能力,效果更好且更省算力。

Quadruped Parkour Learning: Sparsely Gated Mixture of Experts with Visual Input

论文配图:Quadruped Parkour Learning: Sparsely Gated Mixture of Experts with Visual Input
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 采用稀疏激活的专家混合架构,仅调用部分参数完成控制决策。
  • 实测显示专家模型成功越障次数是传统MLP的两倍,性能显著提升。
  • 相同性能下,传统模型需增加14.3%计算时间,适合追求效率的机器人研发者。

机器人越障任务为复杂地形上的运动能力提供了有力基准,包括高差较大的台阶等挑战。现有方法已实现动态攀爬与跳跃,但通常依赖全连接层密集激活的多层感知机(MLP)结构。相比之下,稀疏门控专家混合(MoE)架构在大语言模型中展现出优异的可扩展性与性能,因其推理时仅激活部分参数。本文研究将稀疏门控MoE应用于基于视觉的四足机器人越障任务。在匹配活跃参数数量的前提下,对比标准MLP与MoE控制策略。在真实Unitree Go2四足机器人上的实验表明,MoE策略在跨越大型障碍物时成功试运行次数达到标准MLP基线的两倍。进一步发现,若以标准MLP达到相同性能,其参数量需增至与总MoE模型相当,导致计算时间增加14.3%。结果表明,稀疏门控MoE在性能与计算效率间实现了更优平衡,有助于提升视觉驱动机器人越障控制策略的可扩展性。代码库链接:https://osf.io/v2kqj/files/github?view_only=7977dee10c0a44769184498eaba72e44。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robotic parkour provides a compelling benchmark for advancing locomotion over highly challenging terrain, including large discontinuities such as elevated steps. Recent approaches have demonstrated impressive capabilities, including dynamic climbing and jumping, but typically rely on sequential multilayer perceptron (MLP) architectures with densely activated layers. In contrast, sparsely gated mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures have emerged in the large language model domain as an effective paradigm for improving scalability and performance by activating only a subset of parameters at inference time. In this work, we investigate the application of sparsely gated MoE architectures to vision-based robotic parkour. We compare control policies based on standard MLPs and MoE architectures under a controlled setting where the number of active parameters at inference time is matched. Experimental results on a real Unitree Go2 quadruped robot demonstrate clear performance gains, with the MoE policy achieving double the number of successful trials in traversing large obstacles compared to a standard MLP baseline. We further show that achieving comparable performance with a standard MLP requires scaling its parameter count to match that of the total MoE model, resulting in a 14.3\% increase in computation time. These results highlight that sparsely gated MoE architectures provide a favorable trade-off between performance and computational efficiency, enabling improved scaling of control policies for vision-based robotic parkour. An anonymized link to the codebase is https://osf.io/v2kqj/files/github?view_only=7977dee10c0a44769184498eaba72e44.

机器人控制专家混合视觉导航高效算法

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