arXiv:2604.19715cs.CVcs.SY2026-04

真实通信延迟会破坏分布式能源控制效果,需用协同仿真评估。

A Network-Aware Evaluation of Distributed Energy Resource Control in Smart Distribution Systems

论文配图:A Network-Aware Evaluation of Distributed Energy Resource Control in Smart Distribution Systems
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用ns-3模拟真实下行通信延迟,结合配电系统模型进行联合仿真。
  • 理想通信下功率跟踪精准且电压稳定,真实延迟下功率震荡、电压越限频繁。
  • 揭示通信行为对分布式控制的关键影响,适合电网控制与通信交叉研究者。

高渗透率分布式能源(DERs)的配电网越来越依赖通信网络来协调电网交互控制。尽管已有多种分布式控制方案,但通常在理想通信假设下评估,难以反映真实网络条件下的性能。本文通过耦合线性化配电系统模型与ns-3中的分组级下行链路仿真,开展了一种基于实现的代表性虚拟电厂(VPP)调度算法评估。研究采用修改后的IEEE 37节点馈线,光伏渗透率较高,采用原-对偶型VPP调度,同时优化馈线首端有功功率跟踪与电压调节。仅在携带双变量更新的下行链路引入通信影响,建模每台DER的包延迟及“保持最后值”策略。结果表明:理想通信下,馈线首端功率跟踪良好,关键节点电压在限值内;引入真实下行延迟后,馈线首端功率出现大幅振荡,电压越限频率显著增加。研究强调,分布式DER控制性能受通信行为显著影响,亟需将网络动态纳入电网交互控制评估框架。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Distribution networks with high penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) increasingly rely on communication networks to coordinate grid-interactive control. While many distributed control schemes have been proposed, they are often evaluated under idealized communication assumptions, making it difficult to assess their performance under realistic network conditions. This work presents an implementation-driven evaluation of a representative virtual power plant (VPP) dispatch algorithm using a co-simulation framework that couples a linearized distribution-system model with packet-level downlink emulation in ns-3. The study considers a modified IEEE~37-node feeder with high photovoltaic penetration and a primal--dual VPP dispatch that simultaneously targets feeder-head active power tracking and voltage regulation. Communication effects are introduced only on the downlink path carrying dual-variable updates, where per-DER packet delays and a hold-last-value strategy are modeled. Results show that, under ideal communication, the dispatch achieves close tracking of the feeder-head power reference while maintaining voltages within the prescribed limits at selected buses. When realistic downlink delay is introduced, the same controller exhibits large oscillations in feeder-head power and more frequent voltage limit violations. These findings highlight that distributed DER control performance can be strongly influenced by communication behavior and motivate evaluation frameworks that explicitly incorporate network dynamics into the assessment of grid-interactive control schemes.

智能配电网通信影响协同仿真

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