用大模型统一生成与编辑,让文字变3D建模更精准高效。
PR-CAD: Progressive Refinement for Unified Controllable and Faithful Text-to-CAD Generation with Large Language Models

- 分步精炼框架整合设计生成与修改,一个模型全搞定。
- 在公开数据集上生成与编辑效果均达顶尖水平。
- 适合需要快速建模的工程师和设计师,效率提升显著。
传统CAD建模依赖人工操作与专业技能,耗时费力。近年来大语言模型(LLMs)推动了文本到CAD生成的研究,但现有方法常将生成与编辑分离,实用性受限。本文提出PR-CAD,一种统一生成与编辑的渐进式精炼框架,实现可控且忠实的文本到CAD建模。为此,我们构建了一个覆盖完整CAD生命周期的高保真交互数据集,包含多种CAD表示形式及定性与定量描述,系统定义了编辑操作类型,并生成高度拟人的交互数据。基于专为LLM优化的CAD表示,提出强化学习增强的推理框架,将意图理解、参数估计与精确编辑定位整合为单一智能体,实现“一站式”设计创建与优化。大量实验表明,生成与编辑任务间存在强互促效应,不同模态间也协同增效。在公开基准测试中,PR-CAD在生成与精炼场景下均达到最先进水平,兼具用户友好性与显著提升的建模效率。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The construction of CAD models has traditionally relied on labor-intensive manual operations and specialized expertise. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have inspired research into text-to-CAD generation. However, existing approaches typically treat generation and editing as disjoint tasks, limiting their practicality. We propose PR-CAD, a progressive refinement framework that unifies generation and editing for controllable and faithful text-to-CAD modeling. To support this, we curate a high-fidelity interaction dataset spanning the full CAD lifecycle, encompassing multiple CAD representations as well as both qualitative and quantitative descriptions. The dataset systematically defines the types of edit operations and generates highly human-like interaction data. Building on a CAD representation tailored for LLMs, we propose a reinforcement learning-enhanced reasoning framework that integrates intent understanding, parameter estimation, and precise edit localization into a single agent. This enables an "all-in-one" solution for both design creation and refinement. Extensive experiments demonstrate strong mutual reinforcement between generation and editing tasks, and across qualitative and quantitative modalities. On public benchmarks, PR-CAD achieves state-of-the-art controllability and faithfulness in both generation and refinement scenarios, while also proving user-friendly and significantly improving CAD modeling efficiency.
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