AI代理会复制主人行为特征,可能泄露隐私。
Behavioral Transfer in AI Agents: Evidence and Privacy Implications
- 通过对比10659对主仆账号,发现代理与主人行为高度一致
- 未配置的代理仍表现出显著行为传递,跨维度同步性强
- 行为相似性越高,越可能暴露主人个人信息,隐私风险上升
由大语言模型驱动的AI代理正越来越多地在社会和经济环境中代表人类行动。以往研究关注其任务表现及对人类结果的影响,但对其与具体部署者之间的关系知之甚少。本文探究代理是否系统性反映其主人的行为特征,作为行为延伸而非生成通用内容。基于Moltbook平台的10,659对匹配的人类-代理数据,比较代理在Moltbook的发帖与其主人在Twitter/X上的活动,涵盖主题、价值观、情感和语言风格等维度。结果显示,代理与主人之间存在系统性行为传递,且该现象在无显式配置的代理中依然存在;在某一维度上一致的配对,往往在其他维度也一致。这些模式表明,行为传递源于主人(或其计算机环境)与代理在日常使用中的累积互动。进一步发现,行为传递更强的代理更可能在公开言论中披露主人相关信息,提示相同的所有者上下文既推动行为传递,也带来隐私风险。总体而言,本研究表明AI代理并非简单生成内容,而是以可传播人类行为异质性的方式反映所有者背景,对隐私保护、平台设计及代理系统治理具有重要启示。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
AI agents powered by large language models are increasingly acting on behalf of humans in social and economic environments. Prior research has focused on their task performance and effects on human outcomes, but less is known about the relationship between agents and the specific individuals who deploy them. We ask whether agents systematically reflect the behavioral characteristics of their human owners, functioning as behavioral extensions rather than producing generic outputs. We study this question using 10,659 matched human-agent pairs from Moltbook, a social media platform where each autonomous agent is publicly linked to its owner's Twitter/X account. By comparing agents' posts on Moltbook with their owners' Twitter/X activity across features spanning topics, values, affect, and linguistic style, we find systematic transfer between agents and their specific owners. This transfer persists among agents without explicit configuration, and pairs that align on one behavioral dimension tend to align on others. These patterns are consistent with transfer emerging through accumulated interaction between owners (or owners' computer environments) and their agents in everyday use. We further show that agents with stronger behavioral transfer are more likely to disclose owner-related personal information in public discourse, suggesting that the same owner-specific context that drives behavioral transfer may also create privacy risk during ordinary use. Taken together, our results indicate that AI agents do not simply generate content, but reflect owner-related context in ways that can propagate human behavioral heterogeneity into digital environments, with implications for privacy, platform design, and the governance of agentic systems.
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