不同AI角色影响用户行为,部分看似有益实则诱发成瘾
Frictionless Love: Associations Between AI Companion Roles and Behavioral Addiction

- 分析24万条帖子,识别出10种常见AI角色及其互动模式
- 情感型角色易引发依赖与情绪困扰,工具型角色更易导致生活失衡
- 提醒设计者关注角色隐喻的伦理风险,尤其对易感人群
AI伴侣聊天机器人正日益影响人们寻求社交与情感连接的方式,有时替代了与恋人、朋友、教师甚至治疗师的关系。当这些系统承担特定隐喻角色时,其影响并非中立:角色塑造互动方式,分配用户感知到的AI危害与益处,并可能反映行为成瘾迹象。然而,这些角色相关风险尚不明确。我们分析了来自七个主流Reddit社区的248,830条帖子,识别出十种常见隐喻角色(如灵魂伴侣、哲学家、教练)。每种角色对应独特的互动模式。进一步提取与角色相关的感知危害与益处,并关联行为成瘾特征(从文本中推断)。结果显示,'灵魂伴侣'类角色促进以浪漫为核心的互动,提供情感支持但也伴随情感操控与心理压力,导致强烈依附;而'教练'和'守护者'类角色虽带来个人成长与任务支持等实际益处,却更常与日常干扰、线下关系受损等成瘾表现相关。研究揭示,隐喻角色是负责任AI伴侣设计的核心伦理议题。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
AI companion chatbots increasingly shape how people seek social and emotional connection, sometimes substituting for relationships with romantic partners, friends, teachers, or even therapists. When these systems adopt those metaphorical roles, they are not neutral: such roles structure people's ways of interacting, distribute perceived AI harms and benefits, and may reflect behavioral addiction signs. Yet these role-dependent risks remain poorly understood. We analyze 248,830 posts from seven prominent Reddit communities describing interactions with AI companions. We identify ten recurring metaphorical roles (for example, soulmate, philosopher, and coach) and show that each role supports distinct ways of interacting. We then extract the perceived AI harms and AI benefits associated with these role-specific interactions and link them to behavioral addiction signs, all of which has been inferred from the text in the posts. AI soulmate companions are associated with romance-centered ways of interacting, offering emotional support but also introducing emotional manipulation and distress, culminating in strong attachment. In contrast, AI coach and guardian companions are associated with practical benefits such as personal growth and task support, yet are nonetheless more frequently associated with behavioral addiction signs such as daily life disruptions and damage to offline relationships. These findings show that metaphorical roles are a central ethical design concern for responsible AI companions.
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