arXiv:2604.20087cs.CLcs.LG2026-04被引 37

首个评估智能体持续学习生成技能的基准,验证不同方法在真实任务中的表现。

SkillLearnBench: Benchmarking Continual Learning Methods for Agent Skill Generation on Real-World Tasks

论文配图:SkillLearnBench: Benchmarking Continual Learning Methods for Agent Skill Generation on Real-World Tasks
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 构建20个真实场景下的技能任务,分三层次评估技能质量、执行轨迹和任务结果。
  • 持续学习提升有明确流程的任务表现,但对开放任务效果有限,强模型不保证更好技能。
  • 外部反馈可促进真实改进,自反馈易引发循环偏差,适合研究自动技能生成者参考。

技能已成为大语言模型智能体执行复杂现实任务的核心方式,但如何自动高效地学习技能仍不明确。本文提出SkillLearnBench,首个用于评估持续技能学习方法的基准,包含20个经验证的、依赖技能的任务,覆盖15个子领域,源自真实世界技能分类体系,并在三个层面进行评估:技能质量、执行轨迹与任务结果。基于该基准,我们评估了近期持续学习技术,包括利用一次训练、自我/教师反馈及技能生成器从智能体经验中生成技能的方法。结果表明,所有持续学习方法均优于无技能基线,但一致性能提升仍难实现:无单一方法在所有任务与大模型上领先,且更强大语言模型的扩展并不稳定提升性能。持续学习在具有清晰可复用工作流的任务中表现良好,但在开放性任务中表现受限。分析发现,多次迭代结合外部反馈能促进真实改进,而仅靠自反馈会导致递归漂移。数据与代码已开源,地址为https://github.com/cxcscmu/SkillLearnBench,以支持自动技能生成与持续学习技术的后续研究。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Skills have become the de facto way to enable LLM agents to perform complex real-world tasks with customized instructions, workflows, and tools, but how to learn them automatically and effectively remains unclear. We introduce SkillLearnBench, the first benchmark for evaluating continual skill learning methods, comprising 20 verified, skill-dependent tasks across 15 sub-domains derived from a real-world skill taxonomy , evaluated at three levels: skill quality, execution trajectory, and task outcome. Using this benchmark, we evaluate recent continual learning techniques, those leveraging one-shot, self/teacher feedback, and skill creator to generate skills from agent experiences. We find that all continual learning methods improve over the no-skill baseline, yet consistent gains remain elusive: no method leads across all tasks and LLMs, and scaling to stronger LLMs does not reliably help. Continual learning improves tasks with clear, reusable workflows but struggles on open-ended tasks, and using stronger LLM backbones does not consistently produce better skills. Our analysis also revealed that multiple iterations in continual learning facilitate genuine improvement via external feedback, whereas self-feedback alone induces recursive drift. Our data and code are open-source at https://github.com/cxcscmu/SkillLearnBench to enable further studies of automatic skill generation and continual learning techniques.

持续学习智能体技能基准测试LLM应用

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