考虑多重测量间的相干斑关联,提升数字全息重建精度。
Maximum Likelihood Reconstruction for Multi-Look Digital Holography with Markov-Modeled Speckle Correlation

- 用一阶马尔可夫模型建模多重测量间的相干斑相关性。
- 在强相关条件下仍接近理想独立情况的重建性能。
- 适合受硬件限制的实时相干成像系统应用。
多视角采集是降低相干成像系统(如数字全息)中散斑噪声的常用策略。通过获取多个测量值,可利用平均或联合重建抑制散斑,通常假设不同视角间的散斑实现相互独立。然而,实际硬件限制导致测量多样性不足,引入视角间相关性,使传统方法性能下降。本文研究在存在视角相关散斑的情况下,从复数多视角测量中重建无散斑反射率。采用一阶马尔可夫过程建模视角间依赖关系,推导出对应的似然函数,在一阶马尔可夫近似下形成约束最大似然估计问题。为此,提出一种高效的投影梯度下降框架,结合基于梯度的更新与通过深度图像先验实现的隐式正则化,并利用蒙特卡洛近似和无矩阵算子实现可扩展计算。仿真结果表明,该方法在强视角相关条件下依然稳健,性能接近理想独立视角场景,且持续优于忽略相关性的方法。结果凸显了显式建模视角相关性的必要性,为现实采集条件下的多视角全息重建提供了实用框架。代码已开源:https://github.com/Computational-Imaging-RU/MLE-Holography-Markov。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multi-look acquisition is a widely used strategy for reducing speckle noise in coherent imaging systems such as digital holography. By acquiring multiple measurements, speckle can be suppressed through averaging or joint reconstruction, typically under the assumption that speckle realizations across looks are statistically independent. In practice, however, hardware constraints limit measurement diversity, leading to inter-look correlation that degrades the performance of conventional methods. In this work, we study the reconstruction of speckle-free reflectivity from complex-valued multi-look measurements in the presence of correlated speckle. We model the inter-look dependence using a first-order Markov process and derive the corresponding likelihood under a first-order Markov approximation, resulting in a constrained maximum likelihood estimation problem. To solve this problem, we develop an efficient projected gradient descent framework that combines gradient-based updates with implicit regularization via deep image priors, and leverages Monte Carlo approximation and matrix-free operators for scalable computation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach remains robust under strong inter-look correlation, achieving performance close to the ideal independent-look scenario and consistently outperforming methods that ignore such dependencies. These results highlight the importance of explicitly modeling inter-look correlation and provide a practical framework for multi-look holographic reconstruction under realistic acquisition conditions. Our code is available at: https://github.com/Computational-Imaging-RU/MLE-Holography-Markov.
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