提出无状态记忆架构DPM,让企业级智能体在合规场景下既可复现又高效。
Stateless Decision Memory for Enterprise AI Agents

- 用仅追加的事件日志+任务条件投影实现无状态记忆
- 在20倍压缩比下,事实准确率和推理连贯性提升0.52/0.53
- 适合需审计、多租户隔离的企业级长时决策应用
在受监管的长期决策场景(如承保、理赔审核、税务审查)中,尽管已有复杂的有状态记忆架构,企业仍普遍采用检索增强型流水线。我们指出这背后隐藏着四个关键系统需求:确定性重放、可审计的推理依据、多租户隔离以及支持横向扩展的无状态性,而有状态架构天生违背这些要求。为此提出确定性投影记忆(DPM):仅追加的事件日志 + 决策时一个任务条件投影。在三个不同内存预算下的十项受监管决策任务中,当预算受限时,DPM显著优于基于摘要的记忆架构:在20倍压缩比下,事实精确度提升+0.52(Cohen's h=1.17, p=0.0014),推理连贯性提升+0.53(h=1.13, p=0.0034),配对置换检验,n=10。DPM还快7-15倍,决策时仅调用一次LLM而非N次。10次重放测试显示,两者均存在API级非确定性,但结构差异明显:DPM仅暴露一次非确定调用,而摘要架构暴露N次累积调用。审计面同样呈现一比多模式:DPM每决策记录两次LLM调用,摘要架构在LongHorizon-Bench上记录83-97次。最后提出实践选择准则TAMS,并分析有状态记忆在企业环境中的失败原因。核心贡献在于论证无状态性是企业偏好较弱但可复现的检索管道的根本原因,且证明该特性可在不牺牲决策性能的前提下实现。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Enterprise deployment of long-horizon decision agents in regulated domains (underwriting, claims adjudication, tax examination) is dominated by retrieval-augmented pipelines despite a decade of increasingly sophisticated stateful memory architectures. We argue this reflects a hidden requirement: regulated deployment is load-bearing on four systems properties (deterministic replay, auditable rationale, multi-tenant isolation, statelessness for horizontal scale), and stateful architectures violate them by construction. We propose Deterministic Projection Memory (DPM): an append-only event log plus one task-conditioned projection at decision time. On ten regulated decisioning cases at three memory budgets, DPM matches summarization-based memory at generous budgets and substantially outperforms it when the budget binds: at a 20x compression ratio, DPM improves factual precision by +0.52 (Cohen's h=1.17, p=0.0014) and reasoning coherence by +0.53 (h=1.13, p=0.0034), paired permutation, n=10. DPM is additionally 7-15x faster at binding budgets, making one LLM call at decision time instead of N. A determinism study of 10 replays per case at temperature zero shows both architectures inherit residual API-level nondeterminism, but the asymmetry is structural: DPM exposes one nondeterministic call; summarization exposes N compounding calls. The audit surface follows the same one-versus-N pattern: DPM logs two LLM calls per decision while summarization logs 83-97 on LongHorizon-Bench. We conclude with TAMS, a practitioner heuristic for architecture selection, and a failure analysis of stateful memory under enterprise operating conditions. The contribution is the argument that statelessness is the load-bearing property explaining enterprise's preference for weaker but replayable retrieval pipelines, and that DPM demonstrates this property is attainable without the decisioning penalty retrieval pays.
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