arXiv:2604.20300cs.AI2026-04被引 1

提出仿生遗忘框架,让智能体高效删冗余、保安全、提质量。

FSFM: A Biologically-Inspired Framework for Selective Forgetting of Agent Memory

论文配图:FSFM: A Biologically-Inspired Framework for Selective Forgetting of Agent Memory
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 模仿人类记忆机制,设计四类主动遗忘策略
  • 实验显示效率提升8.49%,内容信噪比增29.2%,安全风险清零
  • 适合资源受限场景下的智能体部署,助力负责任AI

对于大模型智能体而言,记忆管理直接影响效率、质量和安全。尽管已有大量研究关注记忆保留,但受人类认知过程(海马体索引/巩固理论与艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线)启发的主动选择性遗忘仍被忽视。我们主张,在资源受限环境下,合理设计遗忘机制与记忆同等重要,能从三方面带来收益:(1)通过智能剪枝提升效率;(2)动态更新过时偏好与上下文以提高内容质量;(3)主动清除恶意输入、敏感数据和隐私泄露内容以增强安全性。本文构建了遗忘机制的分类体系:被动衰减型、主动删除型、安全触发型与自适应强化型。基于大模型智能体架构与向量数据库进展,提出具体实现方案并进行控制实验验证。结果表明:访问效率提升8.49%,内容信噪比提高29.2%,安全风险完全消除。本工作连接认知神经科学与人工智能系统,为实际部署提供可行方案,并回应伦理与合规要求。论文最后讨论挑战与未来方向,确立选择性遗忘是下一代大模型智能体在真实资源约束环境中运行的核心能力,契合原生内存系统与负责任AI的发展趋势。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

For LLM agents, memory management critically impacts efficiency, quality, and security. While much research focuses on retention, selective forgetting--inspired by human cognitive processes (hippocampal indexing/consolidation theory and Ebbinghaus forgetting curve)--remains underexplored. We argue that in resource-constrained environments, a well-designed forgetting mechanism is as crucial as remembering, delivering benefits across three dimensions: (1) efficiency via intelligent memory pruning, (2) quality by dynamically updating outdated preferences and context, and (3) security through active forgetting of malicious inputs, sensitive data, and privacy-compromising content. Our framework establishes a taxonomy of forgetting mechanisms: passive decay-based, active deletion-based, safety-triggered, and adaptive reinforcement-based. Building on advances in LLM agent architectures and vector databases, we present detailed specifications, implementation strategies, and empirical validation from controlled experiments. Results show significant improvements: access efficiency (+8.49%), content quality (+29.2% signal-to-noise ratio), and security performance (100% elimination of security risks). Our work bridges cognitive neuroscience and AI systems, offering practical solutions for real-world deployment while addressing ethical and regulatory compliance. The paper concludes with challenges and future directions, establishing selective forgetting as a fundamental capability for next-generation LLM agents operating in real-world, resource-constrained scenarios. Our contributions align with AI-native memory systems and responsible AI development.

智能体记忆管理安全遗忘机制

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