动态部署多无人机中继，提升6G空天地一体化网络覆盖与效率
Adaptive Multi-UAV Relay Deployment Framework in Satellite Aerial Ground Integrated Systems
- 基于卫星-空中-地面融合架构，动态部署多架无人机中继
- 相比传统系统，总容量提升23.5%，能效提高18.7%，公平性显著改善
- 适合灾害应急、城市密集区等复杂场景的通信保障
第六代（6G）通信网络旨在提供高数据速率、超可靠通信和海量连接，尤其在密集城区和灾后区域等挑战性环境中。然而，纯地面网络在这些场景下面临高楼遮挡、交通拥塞和用户分布动态变化等问题。为此，本文提出在卫星-空-地一体化网络（SAGINs）中采用自适应多无人机部署（AMUD）框架，通过低地球轨道（LEO）卫星协同部署放大转发型多无人机中继（UAVr），以增强覆盖、缓解拥塞并保障非视距及高需求条件下的可靠通信。我们构建了一个联合优化问题，旨在最大化全网能量效率与总容量，同时保证容量公平性并满足用户需求。仿真结果表明，与仅依赖LEO卫星和地面基站（LEO-GBS）的传统系统相比，AMUD可显著提升网络总容量（+23.5%）、总能量效率（+18.7%）及容量公平性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The sixth generation (6G) communication networks are expected to provide high data rates, ultra-reliable communication, and massive connectivity, especially in challenging environments such as dense urban areas and disaster-affected regions. However, traditional terrestrial-only networks face significant challenges in these scenarios, including signal blockages from high-rise buildings, traffic congestion, and dynamic user distributions. To address these limitations, we propose the adaptive multi-UAV deployment (AMUD) framework within satellite air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs). The AMUD framework dynamically deploys amplify-and-forward multiple unmanned aerial vehicle relay (UAVr) in with low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites to improve coverage, alleviate congestion, and ensure reliable communication in non-line-of-sight and high-demand conditions. We formulate an optimization problem that aims to jointly maximize the energy efficiency of the total network and the total capacity while ensuring the fairness of the total capacity and satisfying the users' requirements. The simulation results demonstrate that AMUD improves the total capacity of the network, improves the total energy efficiency, and increases the fairness of the capacity compared to traditional LEO satellite and ground base station (LEO-GBS) only systems.
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