用物理模型辅助补全雷达观测缺失的冰层厚度,提升冰芯分析精度。
Physics-Conditioned Synthesis of Internal Ice-Layer Thickness for Incomplete Layer Traces

- 结合几何学习与变压器模块,利用气候物理特征补全不完整冰层数据
- 在稀疏观测下仍能稳定训练,仅在已知位置评估误差,避免误补
- 适合冰川动力学、古气候重建研究者使用,可作下游模型预训练
雷达成像获取的内部冰层是雪积累与冰流变的关键证据,但常因分辨率有限、传感器噪声和信号衰减导致层边界不连续甚至完全缺失。现有图模型通常假设浅层轮廓完整,仅预测深层厚度。本文提出一种物理条件化的冰层厚度合成方法,基于同步的气候模型物理特征,从不完整的雷达迹线中恢复完整厚度标注。所提网络融合层内空间上下文的几何学习与跨层传播信息的变压器模块,确保地层结构连贯、厚度演变一致。为应对不完整监督,采用掩码感知的鲁棒回归目标,仅在可观测位置计算误差并按有效样本数归一化,无需填补缺失值即可实现稳定训练。模型在已有观测处保留真实厚度,仅推断缺失区域,可修复断裂段甚至完全缺失层,且符合实测轨迹。此外,合成厚度堆栈作为预训练监督信号,显著提升下游深层预测器在相同完整数据上的微调准确率。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Internal ice layers imaged by radar provide key evidence of snow accumulation and ice dynamics, but radar-derived layer boundary observations are often incomplete, with discontinuous traces and sometimes entirely missing layers, due to limited resolution, sensor noise, and signal loss. Existing graph-based models for ice stratigraphy generally assume sufficiently complete layer profiles and focus on predicting deeper-layer thickness from reliably traced shallow layers. In this work, we address the layer-completion problem itself by synthesizing complete ice-layer thickness annotations from incomplete radar-derived layer traces by conditioning on colocated physical features synchronized from physical climate models. The proposed network combines geometric learning to aggregate within-layer spatial context with a transformer-based temporal module that propagates information across layers to encourage coherent stratigraphy and consistent thickness evolution. To learn from incomplete supervision, we optimize a mask-aware robust regression objective that evaluates errors only at observed thickness values and normalizes by the number of valid entries, enabling stable training under varying sparsity without imputation and steering completions toward physically plausible values. The model preserves observed thickness where available and infers only missing regions, recovering fragmented segments and even fully absent layers while remaining consistent with measured traces. As an additional benefit, the synthesized thickness stacks provide effective pretraining supervision for a downstream deep-layer predictor, improving fine-tuned accuracy over training from scratch on the same fully traced data.
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