为军事AI设计可替换模型的架构,确保国家对决策权的掌控。
Preserving Decision Sovereignty in Military AI: A Trade-Secret-Safe Architectural Framework for Model Replaceability, Human Authority, and State Control
- 将供应商模型作为可替换组件,关键控制权归国家所有。
- 明确决策主权定义,防止商业方干预军事使用边界。
- 适合军方、政府及盟友间安全协作的AI系统设计。
近期前沿AI供应商与国家安全客户间的关系事件揭示了一个结构性问题:一旦私有化模型嵌入军事流程,供应商不仅影响技术性能,还可操控系统的使用边界。本文提出,核心战略问题并非获取高性能模型,而是维护决策主权——即国家在分析模块来自商业厂商的情况下,仍能掌控决策政策、版本控制、备用行为、可审计性及最终行动审批的能力。基于2026年Anthropic与五角大楼争议、项目梅文历史以及美、北约、英及情报界最新指引,本文构建了安全保护商业机密的‘能量范式’分层架构。该架构中,供应商模型仅为可替换分析组件,而路由、约束、日志、升级与行动授权等功能均由国家拥有。论文贡献三方面:定义军事AI中的决策主权;提出供应商诱导边界控制的威胁模型;给出公开的架构规范,展示如何在不披露专有细节的前提下实现模型可替换性、人类权威与主权协调。论证为概念性,但对采购、治理与联盟互操作具明确启示。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent events surrounding the relationship between frontier AI suppliers and national-security customers have made a structural problem newly visible: once a privately governed model becomes embedded in military workflows, the supplier can influence not only technical performance but also the operational boundary conditions under which the system may be used. This paper argues that the central strategic issue is not merely access to capable models, but preservation of decision sovereignty: the state's ability to retain authority over decision policy, version control, fallback behavior, auditability, and final action approval even when analytical modules are sourced from commercial vendors. Using the public Anthropic--Pentagon dispute of 2026, the broader history of Project Maven, and recent U.S., NATO, U.K., and intelligence-community guidance as a motivating context, the paper develops a trade-secret-safe architectural formulation of the Energetic Paradigm as a layered, model-agnostic command-support design. In this formulation, supplier models remain replaceable analytical components, while routing, constraints, logging, escalation, and action authorization remain state-owned functions. The paper contributes three things: a definition of decision sovereignty for military AI; a threat model for supplier-induced boundary control; and a public architectural specification showing how model replaceability, human authority, and sovereign orchestration can reduce strategic dependency without requiring disclosure of proprietary implementation details. The argument is conceptual rather than experimental, but it yields concrete implications for procurement, governance, and alliance interoperability.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。