用微波成像实现乳腺癌切缘毫米级实时检测，提升手术精准度。
A microwave super-resolution imaging approach towards breast cancer margin mapping
- 通过硅调制器调控微波透射，实现深亚波长分辨率成像。
- 在10×10 cm区域达约1 mm分辨率，可识别2 mm以下不充分切缘。
- 对个体组织差异具有鲁棒性，适合临床术中应用。
准确评估切除乳腺癌肿瘤的切缘状态对手术成功至关重要，但传统上需术后通过组织病理学确认。本文提出一种用于术中切缘评估的微波单像素成像技术。通过利用置于样本下方的硅调制器对微波透明度的光致变化，实现了组织模拟体的微波反射率成像，具备深亚波长分辨率，可在10×10 cm大范围内实现约1 mm分辨率的水分分布映射。我们使用明胶基肿瘤模拟体，其含水量变化模拟切除标本中恶性组织与切缘间的对比。结果表明，该方法可识别、定位并量化厚度低至2 mm的不充分切缘。此外，数值模拟显示，该方法对患者个体组织差异具有鲁棒性。这些结果证实，微波单像素成像是实现切除乳腺肿瘤术中实时切缘评估的有前景路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Accurate characterisation of margins in excised breast cancer tumours is critical to the success of surgical interventions. Yet margin status is typically confirmed post-operatively using histopathology. Here we present a microwave single pixel imaging technique designed for use in intraoperative margin assessment. By leveraging the photo-induced change in microwave transparency of a silicon modulator placed under the sample, we map the microwave reflectivity of tissue-mimicking phantoms with deeply sub-wavelength resolution, allowing hydration mapping across large areas (10 x 10 cm) at ~1 mm resolution. We evaluate the discriminatory capability of our method using gelatine-based tumour phantoms with water-content variations designed to mimic the contrast between malignant tissue and tumour margins in resected breast specimens. We demonstrate the capability to identify, locate and quantify inadequate margins up to the typically targeted minimum thickness of 2 mm. Furthermore, using numerical modelling, we show that our approach is expected to be resilient to patient-specific tissue differences. These results establish microwave single-pixel imaging as a promising route towards real-time intraoperative assessment of margins in excised breast tumours.
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