利用库普曼特征函数乘法群性质,高效构建更丰富的特征空间以提升系统建模精度。
On the algebra of Koopman eigenfunctions and on some of their infinities

- 基于特征函数的乘法群结构,通过多项式组合扩展主特征函数集。
- 可准确表示具有局部奇点或延展奇点的复杂动力系统行为。
- 适合多稳态系统及稀疏/碎片化数据下的全局建模任务。
对于具有可逆轨迹的连续时间动力系统,其库普曼算子的非零特征函数构成一个乘法群。本文利用这一性质,加速算子特征空间的系统性数值计算。给定一组通过常规方法近似的(称为“主”)特征函数,可通过构造这些主特征函数的多项式得到更大集合,从而更精确地表示特定应用中的可观测量。特征函数常表现出局部奇点(如具多个平衡态的一维问题)或延展奇点(如具极限环或分隔线的二维问题),本文讨论了奇点处特征函数的匹配与延拓方法。通过处理奇点并实现特征函数延续,该方法支持从局部采样数据中学习一致的全局表示,对多稳态系统及稀疏或碎片化测量的应用尤为关键。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
For continuous-time dynamical systems with reversible trajectories, the nowhere-vanishing eigenfunctions of the Koopman operator of the system form a multiplicative group. Here, we exploit this property to accelerate the systematic numerical computation of the eigenspaces of the operator. Given a small set of (so-called ``principal'') eigenfunctions that are approximated conventionally, we can obtain a much larger set by constructing polynomials of the principal eigenfunctions. This enriches the set, and thus allows us to more accurately represent application-specific observables. Often, eigenfunctions exhibit localized singularities (e.g. in simple, one-dimensional problems with multiple steady states) or extended ones (e.g. in simple, two-dimensional problems possessing a limit cycle, or a separatrix); we discuss eigenfunction matching/continuation across such singularities. By handling eigenfunction singularities and enabling their continuation, our approach supports learning consistent global representations from locally sampled data. This is particularly relevant for multistable systems and applications with sparse or fragmented measurements.
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