用计算方法分析巴西议会演讲，揭示话语风格、议题与身份的深层关联。
Mapping the Political Discourse in the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies: A Multi-Faceted Computational Approach
- 融合风格分析、主题建模与语义聚类，多角度解析议会发言。
- 20年间演讲变短变直接，危机时期议程快速转向。
- 地区与性别比政党更影响发言风格，适合政治传播研究者。
立法行为研究常依赖投票记录，忽视了政治演讲中的语义与修辞内容。本文围绕议会话语提出三个互补问题：话语如何表达、内容为何、谁以相似方式发言。为此，我们构建了一个可扩展、通用的计算框架，结合历时性风格分析、上下文主题模型与议员发言的语义聚类。该框架应用于巴西众议院的大规模案例研究，使用2003至2025年间超过45万条发言文本。结果表明：长期来看，发言风格趋向简短直接；立法议程在国家危机期间迅速调整；话语联盟图谱显示，地区与性别身份往往比正式党派归属更具影响力。本研究为将议会话语作为多维度现象分析提供了稳健方法，补充传统基于投票的研究范式。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Analyses of legislative behavior often rely on voting records, overlooking the rich semantic and rhetorical content of political speech. In this paper, we ask three complementary questions about parliamentary discourse: how things are said, what is being said, and who is speaking in discursively similar ways. To answer these questions, we introduce a scalable and generalizable computational framework that combines diachronic stylometric analysis, contextual topic modeling, and semantic clustering of deputies' speeches. We apply this framework to a large-scale case study of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies, using a corpus of over 450,000 speeches from 2003 to 2025. Our results show a long-term stylistic shift toward shorter and more direct speeches, a legislative agenda that reorients sharply in response to national crises, and a granular map of discursive alignments in which regional and gender identities often prove more salient than formal party affiliation. More broadly, this work offers a robust methodology for analyzing parliamentary discourse as a multidimensional phenomenon that complements traditional vote-based approaches.
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